Lecture 1 #4

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Across
  1. 3. — A neighbourhood announcement with neither a mirror nor a cross-country delivery in sight.
  2. 4. — In the DNA-to-protein story, I take RNA information toward its protein destination.
  3. 6. — Forget how much you needed; show me the greatest response you are capable of producing.
  4. 7. — Genomic information can eventually build me, and cellular signalling machinery often depends on my kind.
  5. 11. — A ligand may be excellent at sticking and still disappoint me if nothing detectable happens afterward.
  6. 15. — Different entrances, same road; multiple receptor stories meet downstream.
  7. 16. — Add enough interacting pathways and the neat little signalling line starts looking more like me.
  8. 17. — Not compulsory for every messenger, but useful when production happens before departure time.
  9. 20. — I take the bloodstream highway, so my distant listener had better be exquisitely good at hearing whispers.
  10. 22. — Two pathways apparently forgot they were separate conversations and started exchanging information.
  11. 23. — The longer a signalling component remains active, the more opportunity it may have to influence what happens downstream.
  12. 24. — More stimulus arrives, yet the graph responds with the biological equivalent of “that's enough.”
  13. 25. — A molecular relay race has many runners, but together their route earns this name.
  14. 26. — The messenger has spent enough time inside; communication requires that it finally make an exit.
  15. 29. — I carry biological information, though my journey may be local, distant, neuronal, or even back to my sender.
  16. 30. — A cellular message without me risks becoming the biological version of a guest who never leaves.
  17. 33. — Within neuronal communication, I can carry information along the neuron before chemical release takes over.
  18. 36. — I judge the minimalist: how little did you need to produce a particular effect?
  19. 37. — An unofficial term for whether the ligand is good at holding onto its receptor partner.
  20. 39. — A neuronal messenger whose arrival at the right muscle receptor may be followed by a rather noticeable squeeze.
  21. 40. — I don't ride the electrical wave down the whole neuron; I wait until it's my turn to make the chemical crossing.
  22. 42. — An endocrine receptor may need plenty of me when its messenger arrives highly diluted after travelling through blood.
  23. 43. — My biological social life revolves around finding something suitable to bind.
  24. 44. — Being nearby isn't enough to earn this title; the right reception machinery helps.
Down
  1. 1. — Long trip, short handoff; electricity handles one stretch while chemistry may finish the delivery.
  2. 2. — One knock at the door somehow results in a whole intracellular crowd getting involved.
  3. 5. — Delivery confirmed—but only because the receiving cell actually recognized what arrived.
  4. 7. — Before the messenger can be packed, sent, heard, or stopped, somebody has to bring it into existence.
  5. 8. — Histamine and acetylcholine belong to my chemical family in your signalling examples.
  6. 9. — The messenger can knock all day, but without the right one of me this cell isn't answering.
  7. 10. — One beginning, several downstream adventures—the intracellular road decided to fork.
  8. 12. — The receptor got the news; now the information needs an intracellular translation without involving ribosomes.
  9. 13. — I may leave the scene long before everything I started has finished happening.
  10. 14. — A neuron may switch to my form when a neurotransmitter is released near its receiving cell.
  11. 15. — Some signalling machinery works in my territory after reception but before certain responses.
  12. 18. — A receptor stationed here can hear from outside without requiring its ligand to enter first.
  13. 19. — If this describes the receptor, simply reaching the outside of the cell isn't good enough.
  14. 21. — Reception tells me the cell heard you; I reveal what the cell actually did about it.
  15. 27. — So close, yet not touching—the final chemical messenger only has a tiny divide to conquer.
  16. 28. — Keep changing me before each measurement if you want enough points to construct the curve.
  17. 31. — An intracellular signalling journey may eventually reach me when the response involves genomic processes.
  18. 32. — In the DNA-to-protein story, I get the information from DNA into an RNA form.
  19. 34. — I explain how a messenger can already exist even though the signal telling it to leave hasn't arrived yet.
  20. 35. — Apparently addressing the envelope was unnecessary; the sender was home all along.
  21. 38. — Particularly useful when your biological delivery route is long enough for disappearing early to be a problem.
  22. 41. — The difference between talking to yourself, your neighbour, and someone reached through circulation depends partly on me.