Lesson 1: Foundations of American Government

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Across
  1. 1. powers, ,in the United States, are those powers authorized by a legal document (from the Constitution) which, while not stated, seem to be implied by powers expressly stated.
  2. 6. government, ,a political entity characterized by a union of partially self-governing states or regions united by a central (federal) government.
  3. 7. , a political concept in which a group of members are bound together by covenant (Latin: foedus, covenant) with a governing representative head.
  4. 11. of powers, ,often imprecisely used interchangeably with the trias politica principle,[1] is a model for the governance of a state (or who controls the state). The model was first developed in Ancient Greece and Rome.
  5. 13. ,the quality of having independent authority over a geographic area, such as a territory.
  6. 14. ,a principal's approval of an act of its agent where the agent lacked authority to legally bind the principal.
  7. 15. government, , the power of government to intervene in the exercise of civil liberties is restricted by law, usually in a written constitution.
  8. 16. Compromise, ,a compromise between Southern and Northern states reached during the Philadelphia Convention of 1787 in which three-fifths of the enumerated population of slaves would be counted for representation purposes regarding both the distribution of taxes and the apportionment of the members of the United States House of Representatives.
  9. 17. enterprise system, ,an economic system characterized by private or corporate ownership of capital goods, by investments that are determined by private decision, and by prices, production, and the distribution of goods that are determined mainly by competition in a free market.
  10. 20. ,A set of fundamental principles or established precedents according to which a state or other organization is governed.
  11. 22. government, ,a state governed as one single unit in which the central government is supreme and any administrative divisions (subnational units) exercise only powers that their central government chooses to delegate.
  12. 24. rule, ,a decision rule that selects alternatives which have a majority, that is, more than half the votes.
  13. 26. of Rights, ,a list of the most important rights to the citizens of a country.
Down
  1. 1. compact, ,an agreement between two or more states of the United States of America.
  2. 2. ,the system by which a state or community is governed.
  3. 3. ,a formal or official change made to a law, contract, constitution, or other legal document.
  4. 4. ,A form of government in which all eligible citizens have an equal say in the decisions that affect their lives.
  5. 5. and balances, ,To prevent one branch from becoming supreme, protect the "opulent minority" from the majority, and to induce the branches to cooperate, government systems that employ a separation of powers need a way to balance each of the branches.
  6. 8. , Latin for "I forbid" – is the power (used by an officer of the state, for example) to unilaterally stop an official action, especially the enactment of legislation.
  7. 9. ,an organized political community, living under a government
  8. 10. ,An autocratic or authoritarian form of government in which a government is ruled by either an individual: a dictator, or an authoritarian party, as in an oligarchy.
  9. 12. powers, ,a list of items found in Article I, Section 8 of the U.S. Constitution that set forth the authoritative capacity of Congress.
  10. 18. sovereignty, ,the principle that the authority of the government is created and sustained by the consent of its people (Rule by the People), who are the source of all political power.
  11. 19. of powers, ,often imprecisely used interchangeably with the trias politica principle,[1] is a model for the governance of a state (or who controls the state).
  12. 21. Clause, , highest form of law in the U.S. legal system, and mandates that all state judges must follow federal law when a conflict arises between federal law and either the state constitution or state law of any state.
  13. 23. of Confederation, ,an agreement among the 13 founding states that established the United States of America as a confederation of sovereign states and served as its first constitution.
  14. 25. review, ,the doctrine under which legislative and executive actions are subject to review (and possible invalidation) by the judiciary.