Lesson 5.1 Terms Part 1

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Across
  1. 4. The simplest unit of inheritance. Physically, each gene is apparently a nucleic acid with a unique structure. It influences certain traits.
  2. 7. A dark body containing a centriole in animal cells, but not plant cells; spindle fibers radiate from the centrosome in preparation for mitosis.
  3. 9. One of the four bases in DNA. It pairs only with thymine.
  4. 11. The transmission of genetic factors from parent to offspring.
  5. 13. The gelatin-like aqueous fluid that bathes the organelles on the inside of the cell membrane.
  6. 14. Organelles that are the site of aerobic respiration in eukaryotic cells.
  7. 16. An organelle containing digestive enzymes, existing primarily in animal cells.
  8. 18. The living substance within a plant or animal cell excluding the nucleus.
  9. 19. One of the four bases of DNA; it pairs only with guanine.
Down
  1. 1. The ultimate functional unit of an organic structure, plant, or animal. It consists of a microscopic mass of protoplasm, which includes a nucleus surrounded by a membrane.
  2. 2. The smallest part of a substance that can exist separately and still retain its chemical properties and characteristic composition; the smallest combination of atoms that will form a given chemical compound.
  3. 3. A network of long protein strands in the cytosol that helps maintain the shape and size of a eukaryotic cell.
  4. 5. A structure that appears during mitosis in animal cells.
  5. 6. apparatus A system of membranes in eukaryotic cells that modifies proteins for export by the cell.
  6. 8. A microscopic, dark-staining body, visible in the nucleus of the cell at the time of nuclear division, which carries the genes, arranged in linear order. Its number in any species is usually constant, and it serves as the bridge of inheritance, i.e., the sole connecting link between two succeeding generations.
  7. 10. cell A cell that contains genetic information or DNA in the nucleus like most organisms.
  8. 12. Minute objects within plant cells, which contain the green pigment, chlorophyll.
  9. 15. A genetic protein-like nucleic acid on plant and animal genes and chromosomes that controls inheritance. Each DNA molecule consists of two strands in the shape of a double helix.
  10. 17. One of the four bases of DNA; it pairs only with cytosine.
  11. 19. wall The membranous covering of a cell secreted by the cytoplasm in growing plants.