Livestock Nutrition

5. amount of energy needed to raise one gram of water by one degree Celsius
6. process of adding feedstuffs to an existing diet to improve the nutrient balance of an animal
10. total energy provided in the feed
11. animals with one simple stomach
12. the material which remains after the water is evaporated out of the feed
13. encompassing the formulation, delivery and consumption of nutrients to meet an animal's dietary needs
16. animals with a 4 compartment stomach - the rumen, reticulum, omasum, and abomasum
18. nutrients needed in small amounts by the animal's body
19. amount of energy available after accounting for energy loss in heat during digestion and fermentation
20. nutrients needed in large amounts by the animal's body

1. values which describe the minimum amount of a nutrient needed by an animal for a specific level of production
2. energy remaining after feed is digested and absorbed by the animal, accounting for the energy loss in feces
3. process of breaking down feed into smaller molecules of nutrients which are then absorbed by the body and used for energy
4. chemical reaction which can produce free radicals and damage cells
7. nutrients which an animal cannot make on their own or cannot make in large enough quantities
8. essential nutrients, natural products or synthetic products which increase animal performance and efficiency
9. amount of energy available after metabolism occurs
14. a measure of nitrogen in feed
15. fundamental chemical elements or compounds in the diet which support normal bodily functions
17. chemical compounds which prevent oxidation