Local Energy Budget

3. solar radiation, when insolation is scattered back into space by clouds, dust and smoke.
6. % of insolation reflected to space by the earth's surface. High albedo: light/shiny surfaces; Low albedo: darker/dull surfaces.
7. radiation, sometimes called insolation is incoming energy from the sun
8. heat transfer, is the heat emitted or absorbed in the change of state. Hence water to vapour etc. Can also be expressed in terms of the transfer of energy from the ground to the atmosphere.

1. short wave radiation that is absorbed into the earth’s surface (dependent on albedo)
2. is precipitation in the form of moisture that collects on the ground.
4. heat transfer, is heat that can be transferred within the atmosphere by either convection or conduction. It’s the heat we feel.
5. absorbed into the surface, some insolation is absorbed into the earth's surface (soil & rock) by conduction. E.g. light surfaces such as Limestone are poor conductors and heat is limited to the surface, whereas granite is a good conductor and absorbs heat well.
6. counter radiation, is long wave radiation which is absorbed by water vapor, CO2 and other gases returned to the ground
8. wave radiation, is produced when the short-wave radiation received at the earth’s surface is absorbed (about 70%) and re-radiated as long-wave radiation e.g. uranium, thorium, and radon.