Logic Fallacies and Appeals
Across
- 6. Basing a generalization on inadequate evidence, like a small sample or one instance
- 7. There are only two choices
- 8. Attack on the arguer rather than the validity of the argument or the evidence
- 10. Rejecting criticisms on the ground that opponents or others are guilty of the same or worse conduct
- 11. Claiming that because two events happened at the same time, one is causing the other
- 12. Claiming that because one thing happened after another, that it was caused by the other
- 13. Popular ideas are necessarily right
- 14. Treating two words or expressions as if they were interchangeable even though their meanings are different
Down
- 1. Applying a generalization too broadly and not allowing for any exceptions
- 2. Relying on a claim in order to prove it
- 3. A version of the opponent's position, a misrepresented argument
- 4. Restating the claim in a different way and passing it off as a reason
- 5. One change will lead to another, usually to something bad or undesirable
- 9. Concealing a step in reasoning by tacitly shifting from one meaning of a word or expression to another