Marine Biology

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Across
  1. 2. – The process by which increased carbon dioxide in the atmosphere lowers the pH of ocean water, affecting marine organisms.
  2. 4. – A sensory system in fish and marine mammals that detects vibrations and movement in the water.
  3. 6. – Tiny algae that live within coral tissues and provide them with energy through photosynthesis.
  4. 9. – Large-scale flow of seawater, driven by wind, water temperature, and salinity differences.
  5. 10. – Swimming organisms in the ocean, such as fish and marine mammals, that can actively move against currents.
  6. 12. – A class of marine animals, including squid, octopuses, and cuttlefish, known for their intelligence and ability to camouflage.
  7. 14. – Underwater structures made by coral species, providing habitats for diverse marine life.
  8. 15. – The largest species of shark, a gentle giant that feeds on plankton in warm tropical waters.
  9. 16. – Tiny organisms that drift in ocean currents, including both phytoplankton (plants) and zooplankton (animals).
  10. 20. – A predatory fish species, some of which play key roles in maintaining the balance of marine ecosystems.
  11. 21. – The cultivation of marine organisms, such as fish or shellfish, in their natural habitats for commercial use.
  12. 23. – Gelatinous marine animals with tentacles that can sting, often found in coastal waters.
  13. 25. – The process of oxygen exchange in the ocean, where phytoplankton produce oxygen through photosynthesis.
  14. 26. – Mammals that live in or depend on the ocean, such as whales, dolphins, and seals.
  15. 27. – Microscopic plants in the ocean that perform photosynthesis and form the base of the marine food chain.
  16. 29. – The top predator in an ecosystem, with no natural predators; examples include orcas and great white sharks.
  17. 32. – An area where fish are harvested for commercial purposes, often regulated to maintain sustainability.
  18. 34. – The production and emission of light by marine organisms, like certain fish and jellyfish.
  19. 36. – Organic matter, such as dead plankton and other particles, that falls from the upper ocean to the deep ocean floor.
  20. 37. – Coastal area where fresh water from rivers meets saltwater from the ocean, supporting a rich variety of wildlife.
  21. 39. – Simple, photosynthetic organisms found in marine environments that range from microscopic phytoplankton to large seaweed.
  22. 40. – Marine species unintentionally caught in fishing nets meant for other species.
  23. 41. – The process by which fish and other marine organisms release their eggs and sperm for reproduction.
  24. 42. – An opening on the ocean floor where heated water from the Earth's interior supports unique ecosystems.
  25. 43. – The farming of marine species like fish, shellfish, and seaweed for commercial purposes.
Down
  1. 1. – A protected area of the ocean where human activities, like fishing or mining, are restricted to preserve marine life.
  2. 3. – A phenomenon where coral expels its symbiotic algae due to stress from warm water, leading to the loss of color.
  3. 5. – Microscopic animals that feed on phytoplankton and are a key food source for many marine species.
  4. 7. – A group of marine animals with exoskeletons, such as crabs, lobsters, and shrimp.
  5. 8. – The part of the ocean that is below 200 meters, where little sunlight penetrates, and unique creatures live.
  6. 11. – A community of living organisms interacting with each other and their environment, like a coral reef or ocean floor.
  7. 13. – The saltiness or concentration of salt in seawater, affecting the types of organisms that can live there.
  8. 16. – The process by which plants and algae use sunlight to create energy, critical for marine ecosystems.
  9. 17. – The process by which deep, cold water rises to the surface, bringing nutrients that support marine life.
  10. 18. – Also known as orca, a powerful apex predator found in cold waters.
  11. 19. – The movement and recycling of nutrients in the marine environment, essential for life processes.
  12. 22. – Coastal trees that thrive in salty environments, offering shelter for young marine species.
  13. 24. – A large, powerful ocean wave often caused by underwater earthquakes or volcanic eruptions.
  14. 28. Forest – Dense underwater areas dominated by kelp (large seaweed), providing shelter and food for many marine species.
  15. 30. – The position an organism occupies in the food chain, such as primary producers, consumers, and decomposers.
  16. 31. – Oscillations of water created by wind or other forces that can shape coastal landscapes and influence marine life.
  17. 33. – Areas of the shore that are affected by the rising and falling of tides, home to many unique species.
  18. 34. – The lowest layer of the ocean, including the ocean floor and the organisms that live there.
  19. 35. – The variety and variability of life forms in an ecosystem, including species, genes, and ecosystems.
  20. 38. – A type of coral reef that lies parallel to the shore, often forming a barrier between the land and open ocean.