Matter and Energy

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Across
  1. 3. respiration Aerobic respiration is a cellular process that uses oxygen to release energy. Food molecules such as glucose break to form ATP (energy) from ADP and produce carbon dioxide and water.
  2. 6. How do plants produce their own food? Photosynthesis enables the plants to make their own food. Chlorophyll gives a plant’s leaves the green color. It also absorbs the sunlight used to photosynthesize.
  3. 7. Producers use sunlight and carbon dioxide to make food for themselves. Herbivorous consumers depend on producers for food.
  4. 8. respiration Organisms that live in environments that have low oxygen concentrations often use anaerobic respiration to provide the energy they need for their life processes.
  5. 11. Decomposers break down and absorb nutrients from decaying organisms and waste matter. They play an important role in an ecosystem by clearing up waste and recycling nutrients.
  6. 15. Food is usually prepared in the kitchen. In a plant cell there is a specific place where food is prepared. This part is called the chloroplast. It contains chlorophyll. Animal cells do not have chloroplasts.
  7. 17. energy Radio waves are electromagnetic waves that exist and are transmitted without matter. They are one form of radiant energy. We can send them back and forth to the space station. Other forms of radiant energy are found in light and x-rays. A hot stove radiates heat energy that you can feel.
  8. 18. energy The chemical energy in the batteries of the remote control makes it possible to switch channels of the TV. The food we eat is stored in the body as chemical energy. This stored energy helps us grow and perform activities.
Down
  1. 1. Mitochondria are the sites of aerobic respiration in a cell and the producers of chemical energy.
  2. 2. respiration Cellular respiration is a metabolic process by which cells break chemical bonds of nutrients, such as glucose, to obtain ATP - a useable form of energy.
  3. 4. Glycolysis is the process of breakdown of glucose, in a series of steps, to form two molecules of pyruvate, two molecules of NADH, and two molecules of ATP.
  4. 5. Glucose is a simple carbohydrate produced by plants during photosynthesis. Animals breakdown glucose to produce reusable energy in the form of ATP.
  5. 9. Organisms that cannot make their own food and depend on plants or other animals for nourishment are called consumers. Deer and giraffe are consumers that eat plants. A cheetah survives on the flesh of other animals. Humans can eat both plants and animals.
  6. 10. Fermentation is a process where yeast breaks down the carbohydrate, sugar, to form alcohol and carbon dioxide.
  7. 12. Trees and other plants make food by photosynthesis. Green plants use their leaves to collect the sunlight and carbon dioxide from the air. They combined this with water taken in by the plant’s roots. The result is sugar. This sugar gives the plant the energy it needs to grow. During photosynthesis plants release oxygen into the air for us to breathe.
  8. 13. is a polysaccharide made up of amylose and amylopectin. These molecules are long chains of glucose units bonded by alpha acetal links in a straight chain or a branched chain pattern.
  9. 14. energy energy which a body possesses by virtue of being in motion.
  10. 16. energy Stretch a rubber band. Notice how it’s ready to spring back. You’ve added potential energy to it. Potential energy is energy that is stored and ready to go. This energy might do something. But it isn’t doing anything yet. Once you let go, you release that potential energy. If you lift a soccer ball to the top of a playground slide, it has potential energy to roll down the slide.