Matter Review

2. scale a temp scale that divides the range from the freezing point of water to the boiling point of water into 100 increments and labels absolute zero as its zero point. it is the absolute scale one kelvin is the same size unit as one degree celcius
5. a charged particle; an atom or molecule that has gained or lost electrons, producing an imbalance between the number of protons and electrons in the particle
6. energy the sum of the kinetic energies of the molecules or ions in matter
8. subscript a number written at the lower right of a chemical symbol, indicating the number of atoms or groups of atoms in a chemical formula
11. a gas-like substance, formed at very high temperatures, that consists of high-energy ions. it is the most abundant form of matter in the universe
12. a combination of two or more pure substances that can be separated by physical means
15. a physical change from a solid directly to a gas
16. pertaining to a chemical process that absorbs heat energy and produces a positive change in enthalpy
18. a physical change from the solid state to the liquid state
19. property a property of matter that describes how one substance reacts in the presence of other substances or conditions

1. a physical change from the gs state to the liquid state
3. law of thermodynamics the physical law stating that energy can neither be created nor destroyed but can be converted from one form into another
4. mixture of two or more substances in separate phases, such as a suspension
7. a measure of the average kinetic energy of particles in matter; hotness or coldness of an object
9. the measure of the dispersal of energy in a system; the net decrease of usable energy in a system for a given temp and quantity of matter
10. formula chemical symbols arranged to represent molecules or formula units that make up compounds. Formulas show both the identity and number of atoms from each element
13. a neutral particle with a centrally located nucleus, consisting of protons and neutrons, with electrons around it; the smallest particle that makes up an element and that is capable of chemical interactions
14. molecular theory a theory stating that the particles of matter are in constant motion, affecting the properties of matter
15. a state of matter in which the particles have forces; has a fixed volume and is relatively incompressible
17. change a change that alters the physical properties of a substance such as state, shape, and size but does not change its identity