Ch 27 Protein Metabolism 2020

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Across
  1. 4. This type of mutation results in a different nucleotide in the DNA but results in the same amino acid.
  2. 6. This is the initiation codon in the mRNA sequence.
  3. 7. These molecules bind the termination codon and stimulate dissociation of the ribosome from the mRNA; ______ factors.
  4. 10. This type of sequence in the N-terminal end of the amino acid sequence can be recognized by additional proteins to help target proteins toward their final destination in the cell.
  5. 12. This amino acid only has one codon and has the single letter abbreviation W.
  6. 13. This complex in the cell degrades ubiquinated proteins.
  7. 15. This molecule is nucleophile that releases the polypeptide chain from the tRNA during the termination of translation.
  8. 20. The A site in the 70S ribosome stands for this.
  9. 21. This type of posttranslational modification occurs when oligosaccharides are covalently attached to the polypeptide chain.
  10. 22. This type of posttranslational modification can occur on amino acids with hydroxyl groups on their side chains.
  11. 23. The third base of a codon can form noncanonical base pairs with its anticodon in tRNA, these base pairs are called _____ base pairs.
  12. 24. This elongation factor binds the aminoacyl-tRNA and brings it to the A site of the ribosome.
  13. 25. This molecule recognizes the signal sequence to deliver the ribosome and RNA complex to the ER lumen (use abbreviation).
  14. 26. After the tRNA is deacylated it is released from this site in the ribosome (use as one word)
  15. 28. This molecule is hydrolyzed for energy input during the elongation phase of translation.
  16. 29. Proteins are sorted in the ____ and sent on to their final destinations either inside the cell or outside the cell.
  17. 32. This initiation factor prevents the large and small subunits of the ribosome from prematurely associating.
  18. 33. This enzyme catalyzes the attachment of the amino acids to the tRNAs; aminoacyl-tRNA _______.
  19. 34. This sequence is used by the ribosomal RNA to align the initiating codon in the correct position in the initiation complex in prokaryotes; _______-Dalgarno sequence.
  20. 35. This 3 letter code is the initiation codon.
  21. 36. This is the number of codons that are recognized when an Inosine is in the wobble base position in the tRNA sequence.
  22. 37. This type of activation reaction makes the amino acids more susceptible to nucleophilic addition before attachment to the tRNA.
  23. 38. The 3 nucleotide repeats used by the mRNA sequence to code for amino acids are called this.
  24. 39. This protein is attached to proteins meant for degradation in eukaryotic cells.
Down
  1. 1. This class of antibiotics block the A site of the ribosome.
  2. 2. The tRNA is said to be ____ after the addition of the amino acid to the 3'-end
  3. 3. This type of posttranslational modification results from the addition of _______ groups derived from intermediates from the cholesterol synthesis pathway to help anchor proteins in membranes.
  4. 5. Protein chain elongation will continue to repeat itself until a _______ codon is reached.
  5. 8. The genetic code in eukaryotic organisms is a _______ code.
  6. 9. This type of mutation results in a different amino acid in the polypeptide sequence but one that has similar side chain properties.
  7. 11. These types of groups can be added after translation that are necessary for protein functional but not apart of the polypeptide chain.
  8. 14. This molecule brings the amino acid to the mRNA and ribosome during translation.
  9. 16. This organelle is an enzyme that is composed of RNA and protein.
  10. 17. The initiation complex is complete when the initiator tRNA is aligned in this site in the 70S ribosome.
  11. 18. True or False: The genetic code is the same for mitochondrial DNA as nuclear DNA.
  12. 19. These class of drugs are effective therapeutics because they can target bacterial translation but not eukaryotic translation.
  13. 22. This structure occurs when multiple ribosomes attached to a single mRNA.
  14. 27. Most amino acids have more than one code which is why the genetic code is said to be this.
  15. 30. This type of posttranslational modification typically occurs at the N-terminal residue.
  16. 31. This unique base in tRNA can H-bond with U,C, and A.
  17. 37. The codon sequence in the mRNA binds complementary with the ____ sequence in the tRNA.