Medieval History Revision

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Across
  1. 5. In a castle; the courtyard enclosed by walls.
  2. 6. Kept one-fifth of the land for himself, at the top of the social hierarchy, granted land to tenants-in-chief, enjoyed privilege and wealth.
  3. 9. A type of catapult, usually firing smaller missiles than the trebuchet.
  4. 10. Fought for the noble family they had sworn allegiance to, part of the sub-tenant social group.
  5. 13. Defending against attack.
  6. 14. Also known as the sub-tenants.
  7. 18. Moveable screens to protect archers.
  8. 20. A heavy gate that could be lowered or raised.
  9. 21. The codes of behaviour and living which knights followed.
  10. 24. A bridge which is hinged at one end so that it can be raised to prevent people passing across.
  11. 25. An attacking military campaign.
  12. 29. William the Conqueror’s survey to record the wealth of the nation.
  13. 32. A type of catapult, a large crossbow.
  14. 33. A type of armour, consisting of metal rings linked together was known as chain _____.
  15. 35. Wooden fence.
  16. 37. A parapet at the top of a wall with a series of gaps, allowing defenders to fire arrows or throw out objects.
  17. 39. Land granted by a lord to a vassal.
  18. 40. Temporary wooden structures attached to the castle turrets or battlements, protecting arches and helping to defend the castle.
  19. 41. The Battle of ______, 1066.
Down
  1. 1. The wives of noblemen often had personal servants called ladies-in-________.
  2. 2. In a castle; a strong, central building.
  3. 3. Some castles had a place where prisoners could be kept.
  4. 4. An elaborate and formal meal, often enjoyed by the nobles and king.
  5. 7. A large bow used by archers.
  6. 8. Also known as a villein, made up around 90% of the population, paid taxes, undertook physical work (such as farming).
  7. 9. The name of our topic: _______ Europe.
  8. 11. Gloves worn by knights, often made from iron.
  9. 12. A system for social and land organisation used during the Middle Ages based on rights and obligations. Land and protection was provided by lords to vassals who, in turn, loyally served their lord (such as by working the land or providing soldiers).
  10. 15. The King of England before William the Conqueror was King _____.
  11. 16. A type of catapult that uses a counterweight to hurl missiles (such as stones) over castle walls.
  12. 17. ________ Ages.
  13. 19. Knights practiced their skills during these events.
  14. 22. A village and its surrounding farmland.
  15. 23. Knights used this for protection.
  16. 26. This French ruler’s name means “Charles the Great”. He fought many wars and greatly expanded the Franks territory.
  17. 27. Tenants-in-chief comprised of _____ and senior church officials.
  18. 28. In a motte-and-bailey castle; the mound on which the fortress stood.
  19. 30. Women of wealthy families might spend their time practicing this craft in which delicate patterns are sewn onto material using thread.
  20. 31. A small building used for Christian worship.
  21. 34. A _____ ram; an offensive piece of equipment; repeatedly rammed into the wall or gate.
  22. 36. ____ towers were used to get troops over an enemy’s curtain wall; had ladders on the inside and a drawbridge at the top.
  23. 38. A ditch surrounding a castle, usually filled with water.