Mendelian Inheritance and Genetics

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Across
  1. 5. This is a description of which alleles a person has.
  2. 6. The principle/law of _____ assortment says that the inheritance of one trait does not affect the inheritance of another trait.
  3. 7. An image of a person's chromosomes
  4. 8. Gregor ____ is considered to be the father of genetics. He studied genetics in pea plants, before we even knew anything about the structure of DNA.
  5. 9. The ______ allele shows up in the phenotype, even if the genotype is heterozygous.
  6. 14. ____ dominance is when alleles in a heterozygous genotype are both expressed and show an inbetween phenotype. This is a non-Mendelian inheritance pattern. An example is a black rooster and a white hen producing a gray chick.
  7. 15. The physical characteristic of an individual
  8. 17. Mendel studied _____ dominance. This is when the dominant allele completely masks the phenotype of the recessive allele. If the genotype is heterozygous, the outward appearance will look like the dominant trait.
  9. 18. If something is pure-bred, is the genotype homozygous or heterozygous? Write your answer in the boxes.
  10. 19. The principle/law of ____ says that allele pairs separate during meiosis and randomly reunite during fertilization.
  11. 20. A Punnett ____ is a tool that we use to predict the genotypes and the phenotypes of the offspring. It can be a 2-by-2 or a 4-by-4.
Down
  1. 1. A ____ cross is when you do a Punnett Square with two traits (for example, Flower color and plant height).
  2. 2. The _____ allele only shows up if the individual has two copies of that allele (in other words, the trait only shows up if the person's genotype is homozygous for that allele).
  3. 3. In a heterozygous genotype, both alleles are shown equally (both show up). What is the name of this non-Mendelian inheritance pattern? An example is a red cow and a white bull producing a spotted calf with red and white spots.
  4. 4. This is when egg and sperm come together, creating a zygote. The zygote got half of the alleles from Dad and half from Mom.
  5. 8. A ____ cross is when you do a Punnett Square with one trait (for example, just flower color). It uses a 2-by-2 square.
  6. 10. Chromosomes that have the same genes in the same locations are called ____ chromosomes.
  7. 11. A gene can come in different forms/versions. A specific version of a gene is called an ____.
  8. 12. A section of DNA that contains instructions for a specific trait. A chromosome contains many of these.
  9. 13. A ____ genotype is when you have two different alleles for a trait (e.g., Rr).
  10. 16. A ____ genotype is when you have two of the same allele for a trait (e.g., RR or rr).