Methodology and Research Schools in Geography

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Across
  1. 7. Cultural _______: The visible imprint of human activity on the natural environment, a concept popularized by Carl Sauer
  2. 9. The _______ Revolution: A major disciplinary shift in the 1950s and 60s towards statistical methods and mathematical modeling
  3. 11. A simplified or idealized representation of reality used to simulate processes or predict spatial outcomes
  4. 12. A qualitative research method involving direct questioning of participants to understand their perspectives
  5. 13. A proposed explanation made on the basis of limited evidence as a starting point for further investigation
  6. 15. The collection of raw data outside a laboratory, library, or workplace setting; traditionally considered a rite of passage in geography
  7. 16. Often contrasted with "place," this concept refers to an abstract, geometric container where phenomena occur
  8. 17. The theory suggesting that while the environment sets limits, humans have the power to choose between different courses of action
  9. 19. Participant _______: A methodology where the researcher immerses themselves in a community to collect data through watching and listening
  10. 20. A specific location imbued with human meaning, memory, and emotional attachment
  11. 21. A traditional geographic perspective defining the discipline as the study of areal differentiation and relationships between regions
  12. 22. A logical process of reasoning that starts with a general theory and moves to specific hypotheses to be tested
  13. 23. The art and science of graphically representing a geographical area, traditionally the primary tool of the geographer
Down
  1. 1. The philosophical system heavily influencing the Quantitative Revolution, recognizing only scientifically verifiable or logical proof
  2. 2. The branch of philosophy concerned with the nature, origin, and limits of human knowledge (How do we know what we know?)
  3. 3. A school of thought emphasizing human agency, creativity, and subjective experience over statistical aggregates
  4. 4. A computer system used for capturing, storing, checking, and displaying data related to positions on Earth's surface(abbr.)
  5. 5. An area defined by one or more distinctive characteristics, serving as a central object of study in traditional geography
  6. 6. Environmental _______: The theory stating that the physical environment strictly controls human culture and development
  7. 8. Research methods focusing on in-depth understanding rather than measurements, often using texts, images, and observations
  8. 10. A philosophical method used in humanistic geography to explore how individuals experience the world directly and subjectively
  9. 14. A set of interrelated components functioning as a complex whole (e.g., an ecosystem or an urban transport network)
  10. 18. A logical process of reasoning that moves from specific observations to broader generalizations and theories