microbial vocbulary

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Across
  1. 2. These are the lenses located on the revolving nosepiece of a microscope. They provide different levels of magnification, such as 4x, 10x, and 40x.
  2. 4. This is a measurement of how much larger an object appears under the microscope. You find the total power by multiplying the ocular lens by the objective lens.
  3. 5. These are short, microscopic hairs that cover the outside of some cells. They vibrate in unison to move the cell or to pull food into its mouth.
  4. 7. This is a process where organisms use energy from chemical reactions to produce food. Unlike plants, these organisms do not require any sunlight to survive.
  5. 9. This is the large knob used to move the stage up and down quickly. It should only be used when you are first finding the specimen on low power.
  6. 11. This term refers to a false foot created by the stretching of a cell's membrane. It is used by organisms like amoebas to move and capture prey.
  7. 14. This is a slide preparation that uses a drop of water or liquid to suspend the specimen. It is commonly used to view living microorganisms.
  8. 17. This consists of organic matter produced by the decomposition of organisms. It serves as a major food source for many small marine creatures.
  9. 18. This occurs when a living creature absorbs a toxic substance at a rate faster than it can be released. Over time, the concentration of the toxin increases within the organism.
  10. 19. This is the smaller knob used to sharpen the focus of the image. It is specifically used when you are on high-power magnification.
  11. 21. This refers to the entire circular area that is visible when looking through the eyepiece. The area gets smaller as you increase the magnification.
  12. 22. This is the flat platform where you place the slide for observation. It usually has clips to keep the slide from moving around.
  13. 25. These are solid, layered structures created by the trapping of sedimentary grains by colonies of microorganisms. They represent some of the oldest records of life on Earth.
  14. 26. In biology, this is an organism that does not cause disease itself but spreads infection by conveying pathogens from one host to another.
  15. 27. These are long, thread-like structures that stick out from a cell body. They whip back and forth to help the microorganism move through liquid.
  16. 28. These are tiny, colorful algae that live inside the tissues of coral. They provide the coral with food through photosynthesis.
Down
  1. 1. This is a method of asexual reproduction used by bacteria. A single cell duplicates its genetic material and then splits into two identical cells.
  2. 3. This is the lens at the very top of the microscope that you look through with your eye. It typically provides a 10x magnification on its own.
  3. 6. This is a microscopic agent that can only replicate inside the living cells of another organism. Scientists often debate if they should be considered truly alive.
  4. 7. These are a group of bacteria that can manufacture their own food through photosynthesis. They are often referred to as blue-green algae.
  5. 8. This is a very small, thin square of plastic or glass that is placed over a specimen. It protects the microscope lens and keeps the specimen flat.
  6. 10. This is a general term for the hard, protective shell or skeleton found on some microorganisms. It helps protect the soft internal parts of the cell.
  7. 12. This is a single-celled type of algae that is famous for its unique cell wall. Its shell is made of silica, which gives it a glass-like appearance.
  8. 13. These are tiny marine organisms that use two whip-like tails to swim in a spinning motion. Some species are bioluminescent and can glow in the dark.
  9. 15. This is a specific genus of dinoflagellate that is sometimes called the phantom algae. It is known for releasing toxins that can be harmful to fish.
  10. 16. This is a thin, rectangular piece of glass used to hold a specimen. It allows light to pass through the object so it can be seen clearly.
  11. 20. This is a rapid increase in the population of algae in a water system. It often turns the water green and can deplete oxygen levels.
  12. 21. This is the hard, porous external layer of a diatom. It is made mostly of silica and consists of two overlapping halves.
  13. 23. This is the name for one of the two shells that make up a diatom's protective exterior. They fit together like a tiny pillbox.
  14. 24. This is the sturdy bottom part of the microscope that supports the entire instrument. You should always keep one hand under it when carrying the device.