Microbiology Ch.16

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Across
  1. 1. T cells that kill target cells in an antigen-specific manner
  2. 3. later interactions with the same foreign substance; faster and more effective due to "memory"
  3. 5. amoeboid cells that roam connective tissue and engulf foreign particles and debris of dead cells.
  4. 8. during development, T and B cells that recognize "self" antigens are deleted
  5. 10. immunity or resistance to a specific pathogen
  6. 11. the first manipulation of the adaptive immune system, injection of a weakened or mild form of a pathogen to produce immunity
  7. 12. proteins (cytokines) that stimulate the growth of B and T lymphocytes
  8. 14. specific immunity produced by B cells that produce antibodies that circulate in body fluids
  9. 15. protein on T-cell that binds MHC-II
  10. 18. antigens that can stimulate antibody production only with help from T helper cells
  11. 19. destroys T cells that don't recognize self-molecules of MHC
  12. 21. antibody function in which the action of a toxin or attachment of a pathogen is blocked
  13. 25. immunoglobulin D
  14. 27. serum fraction containing antibodies
  15. 29. antibody attached to target cell cause destruction by macrophages, eosinophils, and natural killer cells
  16. 32. cells manufactured in the bone marrow that create antibodies for isolating and destroying invading bacteria and viruses.
  17. 33. a protein, released by killer cells of the immune system, that destroys targeted cells by creating lesions like pores in their membranes.
  18. 34. an immune response in which the binding of antibodies to the surface of a microbe facilitates phagocytosis of the the microbe by a macrophage
  19. 36. cells that develop from B cells and produce antibodies
  20. 39. certain-shaped regions of an antigen molecule that stimulate immune responses
  21. 41. genes encode molecules on the cell surface (these classes are like "name tags" so immune system can identify good/bad cells. these classes keep immune system in check so it doesn't go too crazy)
  22. 44. clumping of microorganisms or blood cells, typically due to an antigen-antibody interaction.
  23. 45. immune response that relies on T cells to destroy infected body cells
  24. 47. T cells that are stimulated by antigen to provide signals that promote immune responses
  25. 50. gland in the thoracic cavity above the heart where T lymphocytes mature.
  26. 51. B lymphocytes that do not become plasma cells but remain dormant until reactivated by the same antigen.
  27. 52. the portion of an antibody that binds to an antigen
  28. 54. the study of antigen-antibody reactions
  29. 55. blood serum that contains specific antibodies
  30. 57. antigens produced by microbes that multiply inside the cells of the body
  31. 59. control stem cells that develop into red and white blood cells
  32. 62. collections of lymphatic tissue found in the submucosa of the small intestine
  33. 63. attracted to an exact match
Down
  1. 2. causes membrane attack complexes to form pores in the cell membrane
  2. 4. chemical substance produced by certain cells that initiates, inhibits, increases, or decreases activity in other cells
  3. 6. first time the immune system combats a particular foreign substance
  4. 7. the relative amount of antibody in the serum
  5. 9. transport microbial antigens from gut lumen to underlying lymphoid tissue
  6. 10. foreign substances that trigger the attack of antibodies in the immune response.
  7. 13. macrophages stimulated by ingesting Ag or by cytokines
  8. 16. nonspecific immune cells that attack cells not presenting MHC molecules
  9. 17. antigen that requires a TH cell to produce antibodies
  10. 20. the principal APCs
  11. 22. immunoglobulin M
  12. 23. forms when antibodies bind to antigens
  13. 24. an organ in chickens responsible for maturation of the immune system
  14. 26. antiviral proteins secreted by T cells
  15. 28. immunoglobulin E
  16. 30. antigenic molecules select or bind to specific B or T lymphocytes, activating them; the B cells then differentiate into plasma cells and memory cells
  17. 31. Tc cells that have been activated to destroy infected or foreign cells
  18. 35. a potentially fatal immune reaction caused by highly elevated levels of various cytokines
  19. 37. an attraction to
  20. 38. specific immunity produced by T lymphocytes that recognize antigenic peptides processed by phagocytic cells
  21. 40. immunoglobulin A
  22. 42. dendritic cells, macrophages, B cells
  23. 43. antigens too small to provoke immune responses; attach to carrier molecules
  24. 46. regulate the immune response to avoid attacking "self"
  25. 48. chemical secreted by blood vessel endothelium and monocytes during an immune response to attract phagocytes to an area
  26. 49. small chemical unit that makes up a polymer
  27. 52. proteins that attach to antigens, keeping them from harming the body
  28. 53. molecules on T cells that recognize antigens
  29. 56. programmed cell death, "a-po-tosis"
  30. 58. cells created in the thymus that produce substances that attack infected cells in the body.
  31. 60. immunoglobulin G
  32. 61. protein on T-cell that binds MHC-I