Microbiology Crossword Puzzle

1234567891011121314151617181920
Across
  1. 3. The process of heating liquids, such as milk, to kill bacteria
  2. 4. A molecule or molecular structure recognized by the immune system as foreign, triggering an immune response
  3. 6. A protein produced by the immune system in response to a specific pathogen
  4. 8. Microorganisms are everywhere!
  5. 11. A stain commonly used to differentiate bacterial cells into Gram-positive and Gram-negative
  6. 13. A protective outer layer found in some bacteria
  7. 14. A type of symbiotic relationship where both organisms benefit
  8. 16. The process of using high temperatures to kill or inactivate microorganisms
  9. 19. The study of microorganisms
  10. 20. The transfer of genetic material from one bacterium to another through direct contact
Down
  1. 1. A bacterial structure that provides motility
  2. 2. A group of bacteria that thrive in extreme environments
  3. 5. The process by which bacteria take up DNA from their environment
  4. 7. A complex, slimy layer of microorganisms that adhere to surfaces and are encased in a matrix of extracellular polymeric substances
  5. 9. A term used to describe organisms that grow optimally in high-salt environments
  6. 10. A type of microorganism with a rigid cell wall and no nucleus
  7. 12. A small, circular piece of DNA that is separate from the chromosomal DNA
  8. 15. An organism that lives in the absence of oxygen
  9. 17. The structure responsible for the transfer of genetic material during bacterial conjugation
  10. 18. The study of viruses