Microcontroller Architecture

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Across
  1. 3. Non-volatile memory used to store program code
  2. 5. Allows peripherals to access memory without CPU intervention
  3. 7. Provides the timing signal to synchronize operations
  4. 8. A memory area used to store return addresses and local variables
  5. 10. Holds the address of the next instruction
  6. 12. A signal that temporarily halts normal execution to run special code
  7. 14. Stores the current instruction being executed
  8. 15. Fast, volatile memory used for temporary data storage
  9. 16. Pins used for general input and output functions
  10. 18. Small, fast storage units inside the CPU
  11. 19. Converts digital signals to analog form
Down
  1. 1. A group of lines used to transfer data and signals
  2. 2. Used to generate analog signals using digital pulses
  3. 4. Converts analog signals to digital form
  4. 6. Temporary storage register used during ALU operations
  5. 9. Performs arithmetic and logic operations
  6. 10. External device controlled by the microcontroller (e.g., timer, UART)
  7. 11. A CPU design philosophy using a small, highly optimized instruction set
  8. 13. A peripheral used for measuring time intervals or delays
  9. 17. CPU design with a larger instruction set, often more complex