Middle Ages and Renaissance

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Across
  1. 1. A man who devotes his life to a religious group, often giving up all he owns.
  2. 2. an Italian city-state and leading cultural center during the Renaissance
  3. 3. VIII English king who created the Church of England after the Pope refused to annul his marriage (divorce with Church approval)
  4. 5. 1509-1564. French theologian. Developed the Christian theology known as Calvinism. Attracted Protestant followers with his teachings.
  5. 9. king of the Franks and Holy Roman Emperor
  6. 10. a peasant bound to the lord's land
  7. 14. Ages Also known as the medieval period, the time between the collapse of the Roman Empire in the 5th century C.E. and the beginning of the Renaissance in the 14th century.
  8. 15. An economic system based on the manor and lands including a village and surrounding acreage which were administered by a lord.
  9. 16. Invented the printing press
  10. 18. 15th century invention which revolutionized the ability to print information which in turn affected the speed of the spread of information itself.
  11. 19. A time when the Catholic church banned books and used its courts to punish people who protested Catholic ways
  12. 21. Also called the Black Death was a deadly disease that spread through Europe and killed one out of every three people
  13. 22. "rebirth"; following the Middle Ages, a movement that centered on the revival of interest in the classical learning of Greece and Rome
  14. 24. A person of high rank who owned land but owed loyalty to his king
  15. 25. land granted by a lord to a vassal in exchange for loyalty and service
  16. 26. I (1533-1603) Queen of England and Ireland between 1558 and 1603. She was an absolute monarch and is considered to be one of the most successful rulers of all time.
  17. 28. Reaffirmed traditional Catholic teachings, forbade the sale of indulgences
Down
  1. 1. Luther 95 Thesis, posted in 1517, led to religious reform in Germany, denied papal power and absolutist rule. Claimed there were only 2 sacraments: baptism and communion.
  2. 4. result of the disagreement between Henry VIII and the Pope, created the Church of England which was separate from the Catholic Church, still left little room for religious freedom
  3. 6. they played an important part in the Catholic Reformation and helped create conduits of trade and knowledge between Asia and Europe.
  4. 7. A series of holy wars from 1096-1270 AD undertaken by European Christians to free the Holy Land from Muslim rule.
  5. 8. A religious movement of the 16th century that began as an attempt to reform the Roman Catholic Church and resulted in the creation of Protestant churches.
  6. 9. Code of conduct for knights during the Middle Ages
  7. 11. A man who received honor and land in exchange for serving a lord as a soldier.
  8. 12. a pardon releasing a person from punishments due for a sin
  9. 13. development in the Renaissance that included realistic three-dimensional perspective
  10. 17. It was nailed to a church door in Germany in 1517 and is widely seen as being the catalyst that started the Protestant Reformation. It contained Luther's list of accusations against the Roman Catholic Church.
  11. 20. A belief that emphasizes faith and optimism in human potential and creativity
  12. 23. A system of government based on landowners and tenants
  13. 27. A city in the Holy Land, regarded as sacred by Christians, Muslims, and Jews.