Middle Ages

2. A medieval association of craftsmen or merchants, often having considerable power
5. Was King of the Franks
6. The male head of a family or tribe
8. Bishop of Rome and the leader of the worldwide Catholic Church
10. A term which in its broadest sense refers to the beliefs and practices of Christian denominations that describe themselves as Catholic
11. A person granted an honorary title of knighthood by a monarch or other political leader for service to the monarch or country, especially in a military
12. Medieval period lasted from the 5th to the 15th century
15. When armies of Christians from Western Europe responded to Pope Urban II's plea to go to war against Muslim forces in the Holy Land
17. Was an Italian Dominican friar, Catholic priest, and Doctor of the Church
18. The capital city of the Roman/Byzantine Empire
19. A large country house with lands

1. The dominant social system in medieval Europe, in which the nobility held lands from the Crown in exchange for military service, and vassals were in turn tenants of the nobles, while the peasants (villeins or serfs) were obliged to live on their lord's land and give him homage, labor, and a share of the produce, notionally in exchange for military protection.
3. The continuation of the Roman Empire in the East during Late Antiquity and the Middle Ages, when its capital city was Constantinople
4. Was a Byzantine emperor from 527 to 565
6. A poor farmer of low social status who owns or rents a small piece of land for cultivation (chiefly in historical use or with reference to subsistence farming in poorer countries).
7. "Holy Wisdom"
9. An appellation for a person or deity who has authority, control, or power over others acting like a master, a chief, or a ruler
13. An agricultural laborer bound under the feudal system to work on his lord's estate.
14. The western branches of the nomadic tribes of Germanic peoples referred to collectively as the Goths
16. A charter agreed to by King John of England at Runnymede, near Windsor, on 15 June 1215