Middle Ages/Medieval Europe

1. Payment to a church equal to one-tenth of a person’s income.
2. A harsh Russian ruler who used violence to crush any opposition.
5. The middle ages in Europe.
10. Everyday language of ordinary people.
11. Czarina of Russia from 1762 to 1796.
13. In medieval Europe, lords who were granted land in exchange for service and loyalty to a greater lord.
14. In medieval Europe, peasants bound to the lord’s land.
15. First European King to unite the Franks and accept Christianity.
16. A loosely organized system of government in which local lords governed their own lands but owed military service and other support to a greater lord.
18. Famous Muslim leader who defeated the Christians and took back the Holy Land.
19. Motivated European Christians to fight for their religion in the Middle East via religious speeches.
20. He was the first Holy Roman Emperor.
22. Kings or Queens.

1. A conflict in Europe that began in Prague as a protestant rebellion against the Holy Roman Empire.
3. French military leader and heroine.
4. Famous scholar who successfully brought together Christian faith and classical Greek philosophy.
6. Title taken by the ruler of Russia.
7. Treaty ending the Thirty Years’ War.
8. Holy war.
9. Communities of men who have taken religious vows.
12. Religious beliefs that is contrary to the teachings of the church.
17. Associations of merchants or artisans who cooperated to protect their economic interests.
20. Ordained members of the church.
21. Six-foot-long bows that could rapidly fire arrows with enough force to pierce most armor.