Middle East Vocabulary Ch 15-19

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Across
  1. 2. a distinct territorial or cultural area that is within a foreign territory
  2. 3. a cooperative settlement of small individual farms in Israel
  3. 4. in Islam, a house of worship
  4. 7. a large temple built by the Sumerians
  5. 8. a natural mineral containing chemical compounds often used in fertilizer
  6. 12. territory ruled by an Arab tribal leader
  7. 14. an underground canal first built by the ancient Persians
  8. 16. rich soil made up of sand and mud deposited by running water
  9. 19. process in which arable land becomes desert
  10. 22. Islamic guerilla fighters
  11. 23. a member of a wandering pastoral people
  12. 24. a northwesterly wind in the Persian Gulf area
Down
  1. 1. member of the nomadic desert peoples of North Africa and Southwest Asia
  2. 5. grazing so heavily that the vegetation is damaged and the ground erodes
  3. 6. the raising of animals for food and other products
  4. 9. an ethnic group without a formal country
  5. 10. an ancient writing system used in Egypt in which pictures and symbols represent words or sounds
  6. 11. a communal farm or settlement in Israel
  7. 13. in Islam, the yearly pilgrimage to Makkah that Muslims must make at least once in a lifetime
  8. 15. to adapt plants and animals from the wild for human use
  9. 17. in the desert, a streambed that is dry except during a heavy rain
  10. 18. a system of writing using wedge-shaped symbols that were pressed into clay tablets
  11. 20. Islamic law derived from the Quran and the teachings of Muhammad
  12. 21. hearth a center in which cultures develop and from which they are spread