Midterm Review

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Across
  1. 1. Involves exposure that take place outside Natural Sources- not caused by humans Area Source- many small sources located together
  2. 3. Involves exposure that take place inside Stationary Source- source that doesn’t move Mobile Source- capable of moving on its own
  3. 6. Can be beneficial because plants can grow in parts of the world where they weren’t able to before.
  4. 13. The total amount of individuals a population can have
  5. 18. (eat producers)
  6. 21. Begins in a place that already has soil and was once the home of living organisms
  7. 26. Instead, food webs are used, which combine multiple food chains into one large diagram.
  8. 27. Introduction of harmful materials into the environment
  9. 28. A system that includes all living (biotic) organisms in its area as well as the physical environment (abiotic) functioning together as a unit
  10. 31. Any living factor in an organism's environment
  11. 32. A system that includes all living (biotic) organisms in its area as well as the physical environment (abiotic) functioning together as a unit
  12. 33. Particulate Matter, Ground-level ozone,Carbon Monoxide, Sulfur oxide, Nitrogen oxides, Lead
  13. 35. The branch of biology that studies the interactions among organisms and their environment
  14. 37. The effect of the limiting factor has no connection to the density of the population
  15. 38. Any non-living factor in an organism's environment, physical or chemical.
  16. 40. The management of forests and their surrounding areas.
  17. 44. During this time period, algae and invertebrates were the only times of organisms living on the planet.
  18. 46. (eat secondary)
  19. 47. Dominant vegetation is grasses
  20. 53. Above 85 km Temperature increases up to 1500 C with solar radiation Satellites orbit in this zone
  21. 57. a portion of the population of a species is counted in a particular area and that number is used to estimate the total population
  22. 58. a vital species within an ecosystem that all other species depend on to keep the ecosystem healthy.
  23. 60. Oxygen makes up about 26% of the gas in our atmosphere
  24. 62. Rolling lands with scattered trees and shrubs
  25. 63. different kinds of organisms, relationships among species in a community
  26. 64. The meteorite theory is the most popular theory that explains the mass extinction of dinosaurs during this time period.
  27. 65. Observations that occur through DIRECT interaction with the population being studied.
  28. 66. Evaporation: change of liquid to a gas (water vapor)Transpiration: release of water vapor through the stomata of plant leaves Condensation: water vapor cooling and changing back to a liquid Precipitation: liquid that has condensed and is falling from the atmosphere as rain, sleet, snow, or hail
  29. 67. Animals are moving northward to cooler climates and migrating to higher elevations than before.
  30. 68. Only biome with 4 proper seasons
Down
  1. 2. Model that shows the available energy at each trophic level Only 10 percent of the energy at each trophic level is passed on to the next trophic level (90% of energy is lost)
  2. 4. Long cold winters, short wet summers
  3. 5. different genes & combinations of genes within populations
  4. 7. Chemicals in the air mix with water to form harmful pollutants
  5. 8. The role or function of an organism within its environment
  6. 9. Nitrogen is an essential component in amino acids, proteins, nucleic acids, and ATP Nitrogen gas makes up 78% of our atmosphere, but nitrogen gas is unusable to most organisms
  7. 10. Begins in a place that has no soil
  8. 11. how and where organisms are located Three types:Even (uniform) – not as common; occurs due to scarcity of resources Clumped – most common; safety in numbers, social interaction, mating and caring for young, resources are clumped. Random – rare
  9. 12. Different habitats, niches, species interactions in a particular biome.
  10. 14. This biome is the coldest and is frozen year round
  11. 15. Producers:Make their own food from sunlight. (autotrophs) Consumers:Must eat to gain energy (heterotrophs)
  12. 16. Simplified model that shows a single path for energy flow through an ecosystem
  13. 17. The predictable and gradual replacement of one plant community by another through natural processes over time
  14. 19. the rearing and the processing of cattle for food and byproducts
  15. 20. The only cycle that does not cycle through the atmosphere
  16. 22. Birth rate: number of births a population has in 1 year Death rate: number of deaths a population has in 1 year Growth rate: the difference between the birth and the death rate
  17. 23. Up to 85 km above earth Temperature decreases outside of ozone layer below Coldest layer of atmosphere
  18. 24. The total population divided into five-year age groups
  19. 25. the more dense a population is, the more effect the limiting factors will have
  20. 29. (eat primary)
  21. 30. Is a group of organisms of one species that interbreed and live in the same space at the same time
  22. 34. Highest biodiversity of all the biomes
  23. 36. Carbon also enters the atmosphere through cellular respiration. Fossil fuels (remains of ancient organisms) also release CO2 when they are burned.
  24. 39. What period was considered to have the burst of life but also contributed to the stores of carbon and fossil fuels?
  25. 41. eat to gain energy
  26. 42. The existence of a wide range of different types of organisms in a given place at a given time
  27. 43. The part of the earth (or planet) that is capable of supporting life
  28. 45. the number of individuals per unit area
  29. 48. Zone closest to the surface Means “region of mixing” All weather occurs in this zone
  30. 49. Fungi and bacteria that breakdown remains of consumers and producers
  31. 50. Is a group of organisms of one species that interbreed and live in the same space at the same time
  32. 51. Continues up to about 50 km from the surface Ozone Layer- absorbs UV energy from the sun and releases it as heat
  33. 52. The practice of Farming, including the cultivation of crops and raising of livestock, such as cows, chickens, goats, and sheep.
  34. 54. Make their own energy (food) from sunlight (autotrophs)
  35. 55. The range of abiotic factors an organism can tolerate
  36. 56. Hottest and driest of all the biomes
  37. 59. The role or function of an organism within its environment
  38. 61. Coastal biome with hot and dry summers and short mild-rainy winter season