Midterm

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Across
  1. 1. belief in many gods
  2. 3. Social groups into which you are born and cannot be changed
  3. 4. valuable product
  4. 5. Most sacred temple of Islam, located in Mecca, said to have been built by Abraham and rededicated to God by Muhammad
  5. 7. Respect for parents
  6. 9. land ruled by a sultan
  7. 10. Anointed King sent by God
  8. 14. Rebirth of the soul into another bodily form
  9. 17. king of Ghana
  10. 20. Indian written language
  11. 23. Warriors
  12. 25. Smaller group inside a larger organization (sub group)
  13. 27. Journey from Mecca to Yathrib (Medina) made by Muhammad and his followers in 622
  14. 29. A city of western Saudi Arabia near the coast of the Red Sea. The birthplace of Muhammad, and thus the holiest city for Muslims.
  15. 32. Rise and fall of dynasties
  16. 33. elite Ottoman military force
  17. 35. Religious and moral duties of an individual that vary according to class, occupation, gender or age
  18. 37. land becomes parched and the desert spreads
  19. 40. Complete control of a product or business by one person or group
  20. 44. “The way” of the universe
  21. 45. combined Hindu and Muslim beliefs
  22. 47. Increasing amount of territory under a leaders rule
  23. 50. Submission to the will of God
  24. 51. Collection of hymns, chants, ritual instructions and other religious teachings; Aryan priests memorized and recited for thousands of years - (oral tradition)
  25. 53. Trade routes that linked China to the West
  26. 54. money, food, or other donations given to the poor or needy; anything given as charity
  27. 55. the abode of Islam, areas where Islam is practiced
  28. 59. The spread of ideas, culture and technology from one people to another through trade, migration and warfare.
  29. 62. Laws given by God to Moses that tell Jews how to behave in their daily lives.
  30. 66. A period of great cultural achievement
  31. 68. kings of Mali
  32. 69. “Way of the warrior” Code of values that emphasized honor, bravery and absolute loyalty to one’s lord
  33. 70. ability to move in social class
  34. 71. all the actions of a person's life that affect his or her fate in the next life
  35. 72. split
  36. 73. System of ideas
  37. 77. Organization in which officials are arranged according to rank
  38. 78. Special regard for
  39. 80. Nonviolence
  40. 82. authority
  41. 83. A member of the branch of Islam that accepts the first four caliphs as rightful successors to Muhammad
Down
  1. 1. highest church official in the Byzantine Empire
  2. 2. a complex, highly organized social order: eight features are cities, well-organized central government, complex religion, job specialization, social classes, arts and architecture, public works, and writing.
  3. 6. Single spiritual power that resides in all things
  4. 8. deadly tidal waves that emerge from earthquakes
  5. 10. Muslim house of worship
  6. 11. Animal bones or turtle shells on which priests wrote questions to the gods or ancestors. They were heated until they cracked and the cracks provided answers or advice.
  7. 12. The three baskets of wisdom, a collection of Buddha’s teachings gathered after he died.
  8. 13. Group outside of the caste system that did work that was deemed undesirable, also called untouchables.
  9. 15. holy images
  10. 16. Blending of 2 or more cultures, a form of cultural diffusion
  11. 18. rapid rise in prices
  12. 19. slender towers of mosques from which Muslims are called to prayer
  13. 21. phonetic symbols representing syllables.
  14. 22. People who are willing to suffer or die for their beliefs
  15. 24. Using some traditions from another culture, but discarding others
  16. 26. Korean porcelain with an unusual blue-green glaze
  17. 28. Divine winds
  18. 29. A follower of Islam
  19. 30. Fifth pillar of Islam, refers to pilgrimage to Mecca
  20. 31. Spiritual leaders that emerged and interpreted God’s will
  21. 34. A member of the branch of Islam that regards Ali as the legitimate successor to Mohammed and rejects the first three caliphs
  22. 35. payment by the bride's family to the groom
  23. 36. Jewish meeting place of worship
  24. 38. System of government in which local lords governed their own lands but owed military support and service and other forms of service to the rulers.
  25. 39. art of fancy/beautiful handwriting
  26. 41. Effort in God’s service
  27. 42. body of civil law, massive collection of laws, legal writings and handbooks for students
  28. 43. Herders, farmers, merchants and artisans
  29. 46. Binding agreement
  30. 48. Non-Aryans; farm workers, servants, and laborers who are at the bottom of Indian society.
  31. 49. Union with the universe and release from the cycle of rebirth (Buddhism)
  32. 52. Fathers and husbands held great legal and moral authority
  33. 56. is the term given to "the five duties required of every Muslim". These duties are profession of faith, ritual prayer, alms, fasting during Ramadan, and Hajj
  34. 57. A formal organization with many levels in which tasks, responsibilities, and authority are delegated among individuals, offices, or departments, held together by a central administration.
  35. 58. the sacred text of Islam, revered as the word of God, dictated to Muhammad by the archangel Gabriel, and accepted as the foundation of Islamic law, religion, culture, and politics
  36. 60. Belief in one god, most religions at the time were polytheistic
  37. 61. foreign soldiers serving for pay, loyalty goes to the highest bidder
  38. 63. the Muslim political and spiritual leader, successor to Muhammad, considered t a representative of Allah on earth
  39. 64. Devine right to rule
  40. 65. Union with Brahman by breaking from selfish desires (Hindu)
  41. 67. Scattering of people to different parts of the world
  42. 74. Islamic system of law based on the Quran, regulates all aspects of a Muslim’s life, no separation of religion from civil or criminal law
  43. 75. Priests
  44. 76. Korean alphabet using symbols to represent the sounds of spoken Korean
  45. 79. First five books of the Jewish Bible, tells how Jews should live and the history of its people
  46. 81. Essential self (kind of like a soul)