Module 11 Vocabulary Crossword

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Across
  1. 3. the unit that is often used to report air pressure
  2. 6. the energy-requiring process by which a liquid changes to a gas or vapor
  3. 9. the movement of one material through another from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration
  4. 11. the point on a phase diagram representing the temperature and pressure at which the three phases of a substance (solid, liquid, and gas) can coexist
  5. 12. a compound, such as soap, that lowers the surface tension of water by disrupting hydrogen bonds between water molecules; also called a surface active agent
  6. 15. the amount of force per unit area applied to an object's surface
  7. 16. describes the behavior of gases in terms of particles in motion; makes several assumptions about size, motion, and energy of gas particles
  8. 17. instrument used to measure air pressure
  9. 19. a graph of pressure versus temperature that shows which phase a substance exists in under different conditions of temperature and pressure
  10. 20. a strong dipole-dipole attraction between molecules that contain a hydrogen atom bonded to a small, highly electronegative atom
  11. 24. the weak forces resulting from temporary shifts in the density of electrons in electron clouds
  12. 25. the smallest arrangement of atoms in a crystal lattice that has the same symmetry as the whole crystal; a small representative part of a larger whole
  13. 27. one of two or more forms of an element with different structures and properties when they are in the same state— solid, liquid, or gas
  14. 29. the temperature at which a liquid is converted into a crystalline solid
Down
  1. 1. the temperature at which a liquid's vapor pressure is equal to the external or atmospheric pressure
  2. 2. the energy-releasing process by which a substance changes from a gas or vapor to a solid without first becoming a liquid
  3. 4. a measure of the average kinetic energy of the particles in a sample of matter
  4. 5. the pressure exerted by a vapor over a liquid
  5. 7. the SI unit of pressure; one pascal (Pa) is equal to a force of one newton per square meter
  6. 8. a solid in which particles are not arranged in a regular, repeating pattern that often is formed when molten material cools too quickly to form crystals
  7. 10. the energy required to increase the surface area of a liquid by a given amount; results from an uneven distribution of attractive forces
  8. 13. states that the rate of effusion for a gas is inversely proportional to the square root of its molar mass
  9. 14. states that the total pressure of a mixture of gases is equal to the sum of the pressures of all the gases in the mixture
  10. 18. collision in which no kinetic energy is lost; kinetic energy can be transferred between the colliding particles, but the total kinetic energy of the two particles remains the same
  11. 21. the process in which vaporization occurs only at the surface of a liquid
  12. 22. a measure of the resistance of a liquid to flow, which is affected by the size and shape of particles, and generally increases as the temperature decreases and as intermolecular forces increase
  13. 23. for a crystalline solid, the temperature at which the forces holding a crystal lattice together are broken and it becomes a liquid
  14. 24. the attractions between oppositely charged regions of polar molecules
  15. 26. a solid whose atoms, ions, or molecules are arranged in an orderly, geometric, three-dimensional structure
  16. 28. the energy-releasing process by which a gas or vapor becomes a liquid