Module 9 vocab

3. In the first half of the 19th century, a European - usually a wealthy landowner or noble - who wanted to preserve the traditional monarchies of Europe
5. Enlightenment thinkers; belief that truth can be discovered through reason or logical thinking
8. an independent political unit of people having a common culture and identity
10. in the first half of the 19th century, a European who favored drastic change to extended democracy to all people
11. An assembly of representatives from all three of the estates, or social classes, in France
13. a French congress established by representatives of the Third Estate on June 17, 1789, to enact laws and reforms in the name of the French People

1. a major change in European thought, starting in the mid-1500, in which the study of the natural world began to bec characterized by careful observation and the questioning of accepted beliefs
2. a logical procedure for gathering information about the natural world, in which experimentation and observation are used to test hypotheses
4. 18th-century European movement in which thinkers attempted to apply the principles of reason and the scientific method to all aspects of society
6. in the first half of the 19th century, a European - usually a middle-class business leader or merchant - who wanted to give more political power to elected parliaments
7. the belief that people should be loyal mainly to their nations-that is, to the people whith whom they share a culture and history - rather than a king or empire
9. a system of governing in which a ruler’s power is limited by law
12. king or queen who had unlimited power and tried to control all aspects of society
14. regime the political and social system that existed in France before the French Revolution
15. (1754-1793)King of France from 1774 to 1792; his unpopular policies helped trigger the French Revolution. Deposed by the National Convdention, he was executed by guillotine