MUS152 Quiz 3 Review

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Across
  1. 1. Rhythmic pattern featuring a series of eighth notes arranged in irregular groups of 2 and 3; a fundamental element of Afro-Cuban musics
  2. 5. A secular Afro-Cuban folk music, featuring a lead vocalist and chorus, congas and claves; influential in the development of son and salsa. It has three sections: diana, canto, and montuno
  3. 9. Persian classical music is organized around a system of modes known as _________, under which short melodic compositions known as gusheh are grouped
  4. 10. Rhythmic pattern of Cuban origin, related to the tresillo; influential in many types of music, from jazz to cumbia to classical music but featured especially in the Argentinian tango
  5. 12. ________ or “throat” singing is a vocal style in which a single performer produces more than one note at the same time, using harmonics. In Mongolia, this type of singing is accompanied by morin khuur (horsehead fiddle)
  6. 13. Peruvian ensemble featuring siku (panpipes) playing interlocking melodies, bombo (bass drums) and caja (small drum); they are performed in indigenous communities for religious festivals
  7. 16. _____ de Tecalitlán, Most iconic mariachi ensemble, founded in 1898 by Gaspar Vargas and still active today
  8. 19. Percussion section that accompanies samba, featuring surdo (bass drum), caixa (snare drum), repinique (double-headed drum), pandeiro (tambourine), cuica (friction drum), agogo (cowbell), pratos (cymbals) and ganzá (shaker)
  9. 20. A small five-string instrument with a curved arched back; a main instrument of mariachi ensembles
  10. 22. Guitar-like string instrument with three sets of double metal strings, featured in Cuban musics such as son
  11. 23. A generic term for Mexican folk music, typically danced, with regional variations; also a term for an influential Cuban folk-derived popular music, fusing elements of rumba, bolero, and jazz
  12. 25. Islamic call to prayer, featuring a muezzin doing a monophonic form of heightened speech with melismas
  13. 26. The status of “music” in _________ is contentious, with certain practices, such as the recitation of the Quran and the call to prayer, not considered music, even though they involve pitch, because there should be no music in the mosque
  14. 27. Japanese popular theater featuring all male actors, historical themes, and musical accompaniment including shamisen (fretless plucked lute), nokan (flute), and drums
  15. 30. Seven-string fretless zither, revered among Chinese scholars as an aid to meditation; it has been in use for thousands of years
  16. 33. Vodou, santería and candomblé are religious practices in the Americas that blend West African ________ religions with Catholicism
  17. 34. Dominican trumpeter, vocalist, composer and bandleader who was important in making merengue a worldwide phenomenon in the 1980s
  18. 35. Known as “El Charro Cantor,” Mexican opera singer who defined ranchera singing style
  19. 38. Also know as a “silk and bamboo” ensemble, amateur tradition featuring dizi (bamboo flute), pipa (lute), yangqin (hammered zither), erhu (fiddle) and percussion
  20. 39. Arabic instrumental performance, featuring improvisation using plucked chordophones such as Ud and buzuq
  21. 40. Repertory of choral songs to accompany the Sufi dhikr ceremony. The songs have two sections: a group singing in unison, with a rising and falling melody, and a solo melismatic chant over low repeated syllables
  22. 41. Folk-derived popular music with roots in the Afro-Dominican working class; it became a Dominican national symbol due to its apparent merging of Dominican tri-ethnic heritage through its use of tambora (African), accordion (European), and güira (indigenous)
  23. 42. The musical or semi-musical chanting of sacred texts or prayers by a solo singer during a religious service. The term primarily refers to such chanting in the Jewish synagogue, but is used also in Christian and other traditions
Down
  1. 2. Argentinian composer who integrated Argentine popular music with classical forms and jazz, becoming a leader of the Nuevo Tango
  2. 3. Genre that emerged in Jamaica in the late 1960s from ska, rock steady, and rhythm and blues, featuring syncopated guitar, interlocking rhythmic patterns between drums and bass (riddims), and associated with Rastafarianism
  3. 4. Japanese court music featuring koto (plucked zither), biwa (plucked lute), ryuteki (horizontal flute), taiko (drums), hichiriki (wide-reed aerophone) and sho (mouth organ), as well as long sustained tones and extremely low rhythmic density
  4. 6. Dance played by small ensembles including violin, flute, guitar, bandoneón (accordion), playing marked, syncopated rhythms including the habanera rhythm; considered a national symbol of Argentina
  5. 7. Afro-Brazilian dance and stylized martial art, performed in a circle and accompanied by atabaques (drums), pandeiro (tambourine), berimbau (bow idiophone) and caixixi (rattle) with singing in call and response
  6. 8. The middle section of a Cuban rumba or son, in which the singer sings a text with verses
  7. 11. Jamaican singer and songwriter who with his band The Wailers build a worldwide following for reggae, known as a champion of human rights and anti-colonialism
  8. 14. Musical tradition originating in Western Mexico, especially the state of Jalisco, with an ensemble typically consisting of trumpet, violin, vihuela (lute), guitar, guitarrón (bass guitar) and sometimes harp
  9. 15. Genre that emerged around Carnival celebrations in Trinidad. The “Classic” form features a small dance band with European string and wind instruments with a vocalist doing “talking” lyrics with witty social commentary. Modern ensembles include steel drums and other Afro-Caribbean percussion.
  10. 17. Canción _____, term referring to Mexican folk and folk-derived songs with simple chordal accompaniment and an operatic vocal style; it is a main element of both mariachi and conjunto repertoire
  11. 18. The last section of a Cuban rumba or son, in which the singer and chorus do call and response and the instrumentalists improvise
  12. 21. Cuban tres player, composer and bandleader who innovated the son by increasing the number of trumpets to 3, adding piano and congas and extending the montuno section; his son montuno is a link between the early Cuban son and Newyorican salsa
  13. 24. Chinese organological system, which classifies instruments according to material (Stone, metal, gourd, skin, wood, clay, silk, bamboo)
  14. 28. Dramatic narrative form for solo voice and puk (barrel drum), considered a symbol of Korean identity
  15. 29. A large six-string bass guitar with a curved arched back; a main instrument of mariachi and other Mexican folk musics
  16. 31. Term describing the ethnic and cultural mixing that happened in Latin America after the Conquest
  17. 32. Also known as Beijing or Peking Opera, a dramatic genre featuring jinghu (fiddle), gongs, percussion, and sizhu instruments accompanying the singers. It is one of the most popular types of entertainment in China
  18. 36. Instrumental ensemble, common in Egypt, consisting of ud, kemanja (fiddle), kanun (plucked zither), ney (vertical flute), riqq (tambourine), tablah (goblet drum). It may accompany singers and/or dancers
  19. 37. Song and dance, associated particularly with carnival celebrations in Rio de Janeiro; considered Brazil’s national dance