Music Crossword

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Across
  1. 4. a fast, boisterous dance of scandalous repute, characterized by high kicking, which originated in 19th century Paris and was immortalized in Offenbach's opera Orpheus in the Underworld (1858).
  2. 6. cutting itself loose from the harmonic and rhythmic shackles of the past, free jazz was a radical improvising style of the 1960's.
  3. 9. a note equal in time value to two quarter notes or fourth eighth notes; in Britain it is called a minim.
  4. 11. a sequence of two chords that brings a phrase to an end, with an air of wither finality or partial completion.
  5. 14. an action undertaken by a union of two people
  6. 17. an instrumental composition of playful or unpredictable nature.
  7. 20. a musical form in which a tune in imitated by individual parts at regular intervals; known as a round when each part is continuously repeated. In simple examples, such as "London Bridge is Falling Down," the successive voices enter at a same pitch and at the same speed. In more elaborate examples, such as the canons in J.S. Bach's keyboard work known as the Goldberg Variation, the voices may enter at different pitches and present the tune at different speeds or even backwards or upside down (in inversion).
  8. 21. to organize strategically, with a possible connotation of conniving or conspiracy
  9. 22. the range of levers pressed by the player on an instrument such as a piano or harpsichord to sound the note; also; generically, an instruments having such a keyboard.
  10. 26. the position of the lips in wind instrument playing, by which the player controls the sound, especially for brass and the flute.
  11. 29. a device used to dampen the tone of an instrument, affecting its volume and tone color.
  12. 30. to be very impressive or pleasing
  13. 31. an instrumental lament.
  14. 32. a church song, often choral.
  15. 35. pessimistic
  16. 36. a preexisting tune, often familiar, used by medieval and Renaissance composers as the basis of a polyphonic composition in which the other parts are invented.
  17. 37. a lively American popular dance in duple time.
  18. 38. the interval between notes two whole tones and a semitone apart is a perfect fourth - for example, C natural to F natural. Reduced by one semitone, it becomes a diminished fourth - C sharp to F natural. increased by one semitone, it becomes an augmented fourth-C natural to f sharp.
  19. 40. without inbuilt electrical equipment to amplify the sound
  20. 41. signature the sharps or flats at the beginning of each line of music to indicate the key of the music.
  21. 43. interval: two notes that sound the same (as played on a modern keyboard instrument) and differ from each other only in name-for instance, A sharp and B flat, or E sharp and F natural.
  22. 44. to make sounds louder, especially by using electrical equipment
  23. 45. the target of a stimulus
  24. 46. originally an improvised decoration of a cadence by a soloist; later a more or less elaborate and written-out passage in a aria or concerto to display performance skills by a singer or an instrumentalist.
  25. 48. the lowest female voice.
  26. 50. the combination of sounds of different pitch to form chord, which developed initially from the weaving together of two or more melodic lines; and, within the tonal system, the interrelationship of the major and minor chords based on each of the seven degrees of the scale. Although a sophisticated harmonic sense may be discerned in relatively early music, the modern sense of tonal harmony dates back only to the 17th century.
Down
  1. 1. folk music of Trinidad
  2. 2. an electric guitar with thick strings for playing low "bass" notes
  3. 3. a tempo marking meaning "energetically".
  4. 5. in a singing style.
  5. 6. dynamic marking meaning "loud", indicated by the letter f. May by strengthened to fortissimo (ff).
  6. 7. a brief measure or pause
  7. 8. metal: loud, riff-centered rock, fixated on the power and symbolism of the electric guitar.
  8. 10. speed or rate
  9. 12. music produced by live performers on electronic instruments; or sound manipulated by electronic means into a recording, which contains a piece of music rather than being a record of performance of a piece.
  10. 13. a form of disco music, with dominant bass motifs, developed in Detroit in the early 1980's.
  11. 15. an extra piece played at the end of a recital in response to an audience's enthusiastic reaction to the performance.
  12. 16. a non-contrapuntal chordal style, in which all the parts move together in the same rhythm or a melody with a chordal accompaniment.
  13. 18. expressively.
  14. 19. a slow Cuban dance in duple time.
  15. 23. a group of performers; also, the term used to describe the quality of playing together with unanimity of attach and balance of tone.
  16. 24. the rate of vibration that produces a particular pitch. On the piano, the lowest C has a frequency of 32 vibrations per second, the next C has 64 per second, and so on.
  17. 25. in diatonic harmony, a group of tones that are heard as a compatible combination when sounded together; its opposite is dissonance.
  18. 27. a high point
  19. 28. the part played, in Baroque music, by a bass instrument and keyboard. Generally, only the bass line is written out, with the harmonics indicated by means of chord numbers, which the keyboard player fills in and decorates in appropriate style.
  20. 33. When a note is played on an instrument, along with the fundamental there may often be heard higher pitches, extending in a series up to four octaves above the note. The sounds are known as harmonics, or overtones. In some instruments, such as a bell, they may be heard strongly; in others, they are relatively faint.
  21. 34. the theoretical and historical study of music.
  22. 38. on some stringed instruments such as guitar, a metal band on the fingerboard to mark a particular position of the fingers.
  23. 39. a lively British folk dance in duple or triple time, originally accompanied by a reed instrument of the same name, and which became popular among sailors.
  24. 42. a lighthearted, improvisational, usually quick instrumental or orchestral piece.
  25. 45. a vocal work, wither sacred or secular. Some early examples approach operatic style and may have narratives; others, such as Bach's church cantatas, are inventions on chorales. Twentieth-century revivals of the form, most notably by Stravinsky and Webern, have been meditative rather than storytelling.
  26. 47. another name for rap music.
  27. 48. a group of instruments, in Renaissance and early Baroque music. A "whole consort" constitutes instruments of one sort (for instance, a consort of viols); a "broken consort" is made up of instruments of different sorts.
  28. 49. originally a round dance with singing, later a popular song or hymn celebrating Christmas.