N5 Cell biology

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Across
  1. 2. The counterpart of cytosine (7)
  2. 5. these proteins are used to attach chemical messengers (9)
  3. 7. What happens to plants when placed in pure water (11)
  4. 8. The term used to describe suitable matched base pairs (13)
  5. 10. (forms the wall in plant cells (9)
  6. 13. Controls the activities of the cell(7)
  7. 14. Where metabolism occurs (9)
  8. 16. Muscles do this when using energy from the breakdown of glucose (8)
  9. 18. A selectively permeable membrane is made of phospholipids and _________ (8)
  10. 19. Opposite of synthesis reaction (11)
  11. 21. What happens if pH or temperature are unsuitable for an enzyme (9)
  12. 22. The shape and function of proteins depends on the ________ of amino acids (8)
  13. 23. The counterpart of adenine (7)
  14. 24. The second stage of glucose breakdown requires the presence of ______ (6)
  15. 27. All cells have this feature (4,8)
  16. 30. The section of DNA which codes for a protein (4)
  17. 32. Another use by cells of the energy obtained from the breakdown of glucose (4,8)
  18. 34. previous biology teacher (2,7)
  19. 35. This can happen down a concentration gradient (7,9)
  20. 36. Breakdown of glucose starts in the cytoplasm but full ______ respiration is completed in the mitochondria (7)
  21. 37. These proteins attack invading microorganisms (10)
  22. 39. These are made from protein and allow reactions to occur at body temperature (7)
  23. 40. What happens to plant cells when placed in strong salt solution (11)
  24. 41. Helps to make protein (8)
  25. 42. The molecule used to carry complimenatry copy of genetic code out to the ribosomes in the cytoplasm (9,3)
  26. 43. When an identified piece of source DNA is extracted and inserted into a plasmid then inserted into a host organsim (7,11)
Down
  1. 1. Found in nearly all cells (13)
  2. 3. The shape of DNA (6,8,6)
  3. 4. Surrounding a plant cell (4,4)
  4. 6. The best condition for a biologically catalysed reaction (7)
  5. 9. When glucose is broken down by living cells (11)
  6. 11. (these proteins carry messages around the body in the bloodstream (8)
  7. 12. The special part of an enzyme which is complimentary to its substrate (6,4)
  8. 15. Made from the breakdown of glucose (3)
  9. 17. The two substances made in the second stage of glucose breakdown are carbon dioxide and _____ (5)
  10. 20. Another type of cell (6)
  11. 25. The term for a host which has had DNA from another organism inserted into its DNA (11,8)
  12. 26. ribosomes in cytoplasm use __________ as the building blocks to make protein (5,5)
  13. 28. When energy is needed to assist membrane proteins move ions against the concentration gradient (6,9)
  14. 29. Photosynthesising organelle mostly found in plant cells (10)
  15. 31. The term used to describe the movement of water from area of [high] through a selectively permeable membrane(SPM) to an area of [low] (7)
  16. 33. Circular piece of bacterial DNA (7)
  17. 38. The first stage of glucose breakdown produced 2 ATP molecules plus two molecules of ________ (8)