Nephrotic Syndrome Treatment

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Across
  1. 6. These agents are used to reduce edema associated with volume overload in nephrotic syndrome. (2)
  2. 9. Corticosteroids bind to cytoplasmic receptors and translocate into the nucleus to affect this genetic process which reduces pro-inflammatory cytokine expression.
  3. 11. Loop diuretics can cause this unique adverse effect because the Na/K/2Cl- transporter it acts on is also present in one of our sensory organs.
  4. 12. These agents competitively inhibit HMG-CoA reductase in the rate-limiting step of cholesterol synthesis.
Down
  1. 1. Although not used in all etiologies of nephrotic syndrome, these agents reduce underlying inflammation, especially in immune-mediated glomerular injury.
  2. 2. Statins are used in nephrotic syndrome to manage this condition, which is the result of increased liver activity following loss of albumin.
  3. 3. In inhibiting angiotensin converting enzyme, ACE inhibitors promote vasodilation of this renal blood vessel to decrease GFR.
  4. 4. These agents are used to decrease protein excretion and improve blood pressure control. (2)
  5. 5. Prolonged corticosteroid use can suppress the HPA axis and produce this syndrome with systemic manifestations including poor wound healing, hyperglycemia, and osteoporosis.
  6. 7. Statin treatment should be discontinued if this adverse effect occurs.
  7. 8. Loop diuretics inhibit the Na+/K+/2Cl- channel on this portion of the loop of Henle. (2)
  8. 10. The presence of this adverse effect might compel a physician to switch their patient from an ACE inhibitor to an ARB.