Neurological Patho

123456789101112131415161718192021222324252627282930313233343536373839404142434445464748
Across
  1. 2. Progressive chronic disease with decreased cortical function; presents with impaired cognitive skills, memory loss and confusion.
  2. 4. manifestation seen because of increased pressure on the emetic center in the medulla.
  3. 6. this sign, when seen with drainage from the ears or nose, is indicative of CSF leak.
  4. 8. manifestation seen with stretching or distortion of meninges or walls of large blood vessels.
  5. 9. concussions are typically seen in contact sports or after direct mild blows to the head that cause sudden excessive movement of the brain; interference of brain function is ___________________.
  6. 11. the highest attainable score on the Glasgow coma scale
  7. 15. brain abscesses are localized infections in the brain known to spread from organisms in the ear, throat, lung and/or ____________________.
  8. 16. when clients present with pupils that are fixed and dilated it is due to increased pressure on this cranial nerve.
  9. 19. caused by varicella-zoster virus, can occur years after primary infection of varicella (chickenpox), usually affects one dermatome, presents with pain, paresthesia, vesicular rash that does not cross the midline.
  10. 21. racoon eyes and battle sign are both indicative of this type of head injury.
  11. 22. this type of hematoma results from bleeding between dura and skull
  12. 23. disease process that occurs with a total blockage of a vessel in the brain; symptoms include facial droop, unilateral paralysis, slurred speech, loss of balance, and/or blurred vision.
  13. 25. Reye’s syndrome is a disease process linked to viral infection in children who are treated with this medication; causes changes in the brain and liver.
  14. 26. this syndrome occurs as inflammation of the peripheral nervous system that causes demyelination and axon destruction, presents with ascending paralysis.
  15. 28. often the first sign of brain tumors.
  16. 29. this type of hematoma results from contusions or shearing injuries inside the brain
  17. 30. this mnemonic is used by healthcare professionals to identify symptoms of a cerebral vascular accident (CVA)
  18. 31. main diagnostic test used to diagnose meningitis, guillan barre syndrome, etc.
  19. 32. infection of the brain and/or spinal cord that often causes necrosis and inflammation develop in brain tissue; often spread by vectors (ticks, mosquitos, etc.)
  20. 35. Disease Progressive cortical atrophy caused by neurofibrillary tangles and plaques.
  21. 36. manifestation seen with ICP when pressure on the brainstem is increased.
  22. 37. bruising of brain tissue, rupture of small blood vessels and edema cause this type of head injury.
  23. 39. this type of seizures is characterized by “muscle contraction” followed by “convulsions.”
  24. 41. this type of vascular accident is caused by rupture of a cerebral artery and is often seen in clients with severe hypertension.
  25. 42. clients with spinal shock typically present with hypotension and bradycardia due to disruption of the pathway to initiate the ____________ nervous system.
  26. 43. manifestation seen due to increased pressure of CSF causing swelling around the optic disk.
  27. 45. inflammation of the meninges; may be viral or bacterial; common symptoms include severe headache and nuchal rigidity, Kernig sign and Brudzinski sign.
  28. 48. head injury where the brain strikes the posterior area of the skull.
Down
  1. 1. clients with quadriplegia have paralysis of ________ extremities.
  2. 3. clients with damage to the left frontal lobe (Broca) area of the brain typically not able to speak or write fluently have this type of aphasia.
  3. 5. this type of vascular accident is caused by occlusion of an artery by an atheroma or embolus.
  4. 7. myasthenia gravis is this type of disorder where the body creates autoantibodies to acetylcholine; results in destruction of receptor sites and prevents smooth muscle stimulation.
  5. 10. Parkinson’s disease is a progressive degenerative disorder caused by a deficit of dopamine that contributes to dysfunction of the extrapyramidal motor system that results in an imbalance between excitation and inhibition in basal nuclei.
  6. 12. priority nursing action for a client with a spinal cord injury
  7. 13. progressive degenerative disease affecting upper motor neurons & lower motor neurons without cognitive impairment.
  8. 14. clients with paraplegia have paralysis of the trunk and _____________ extremities.
  9. 17. disease process caused by progressive demyelination of neurons in the brain, spinal cord, and cranial nerves; loss of myelin interferes with conduction of impulses in affected fibers.
  10. 18. Huntington’s disease is an autosomal _____________ disease, meaning the client received an affected gene from one parent; leads to progressive atrophy of the brain and deplete of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA)
  11. 20. this type of hemorrhage occurs in the space between the arachnoid space and pia matter; typically, no hematoma forms.
  12. 24. vascular disease process that occurs because of a weakened arteria wall in the brain, often aggravated by hypertension, results in ICP and may be fatal.
  13. 27. sign associated with meningitis – neck flexion that causes simultaneous knee flexion.
  14. 33. mnemonic used to assist nurses is identifying manifestations of Parkinson’s disease.
  15. 34. sign associated with meningitis – painful knee flexion.
  16. 38. clients with receptive aphasia who are unable to understand written or spoken language have damage to this area of the brain.
  17. 40. head injury where the brain strikes the skull on the side of the impact.
  18. 44. disease process that occurs with a partial blockage of a vessel in the brain; symptoms typically resolve within 30-60 minutes.
  19. 46. main effect responsible for the manifestations seen with brain tumors
  20. 47. this type of hematoma develops between the dura and arachnoid space, “below the dura.”