Ocular Anatomy Midterm Review

123456789101112131415161718192021222324252627282930313233343536373839404142434445464748495051525354555657585960616263646566676869707172737475767778798081828384858687888990919293949596979899100101
Across
  1. 1. Aqueous humour drains through here.
  2. 4. The optic ____ is the opening where the optic nerve passes through to the brain.
  3. 7. The oblique muscles move the eye in the ____ way of where they sit in relation to the eye.
  4. 8. Ocular _____ can occur in newborns if the mother has been exposed to the protozoa toxoplasma gonidii.
  5. 13. The thickest layer of the cornea.
  6. 14. Pathogen with no cell, instead has an RNA or DNA coat.
  7. 17. Meibomitis and ____ are examples of diseases caused by staphylococcus aureus.
  8. 19. The cornea and the sclera meet here but do not overlap.
  9. 20. Amount of years it takes for the cornea to fully develop.
  10. 21. Unicellular parasite causing malaria. Amoebas.
  11. 22. Term for when an image focuses directly on the macula (no refractive error).
  12. 24. The most anterior layer of the cornea.
  13. 25. This pathway is how light travels from the eye to the brain.
  14. 28. The ____ segment of the eye contains structures like the cornea, iris, and crystalline lens.
  15. 30. Colour vision defect with the blue cone missing.
  16. 32. Reproduce via spores AND binary fission.
  17. 34. Viruses and prions cannot survive without a(n) ___.
  18. 35. Pathogens that are just infectious proteins with no DNA or RNA. Neurological.
  19. 36. The first step of gram staining is to stain with crystal _____.
  20. 38. Aspergillus, fusarium, ____ albicans and histoplasma are examples of fungi.
  21. 40. People who wear ____ lenses are at a higher risk of infection from acanthamoeba and pseudomonas aeruginosa.
  22. 42. The levator palpebrae superioris muscle ____ the upper eyelid.
  23. 44. The internal _____ artery is the main blood supply to the brain and eyes.
  24. 45. The fourth step of gram staining is to add a(n) ____ stain of pink/red.
  25. 48. Fifth cranial nerve.
  26. 49. Neisseria species bacteria are gram-____, and cause neonatal conjunctivitis.
  27. 52. Immunocompromised individuals, contact lens wearers, and injury from ___ material put people at higher risk for fungal infections.
  28. 55. This cell layer of the retina is damaged by glaucoma.
  29. 56. Gram-positive bacteria have a thick ____ layer, resisting decolourization and keeping the first dye stain.
  30. 57. Seventh cranial nerve.
  31. 58. One of the functions of this structure is to produce aqueous humour.
  32. 59. Normal colour vision.
  33. 62. Term for a pathogen that does not have an oxygen requirement.
  34. 64. Proprionobacterium acne, clostridium botulinum, and bacillus anthrax are all examples of gram-____ bacilli.
  35. 66. Orbital bone connecting to the upper jaw.
  36. 67. Spherical shaped bacteria.
  37. 68. Orbital bone that sits behind where tears drain.
  38. 73. Gram-negative bacteria have a ____ peptidoglycan layer that is easily decolourized, allowing it to stain the second dye colour.
  39. 74. The iris ____ muscle is arranged in a radial (parallel) manner.
  40. 76. Bacteria are an example of a ___ cell. (Hint: they have no nucleus)
  41. 79. Term for the loss of accommodation with age.
  42. 83. Reproduce ONLY via spores.
  43. 84. Thioglycolate ____ is a differential medium to separate aerobes and anaerobes.
  44. 87. First valve tears drain through.
  45. 89. Conjunctiva covering the inner part of the eyelid.
  46. 90. Infection caused by fungus, usually causing keratitis and corneal ulcers.
  47. 95. Herpes ____ is a virus causing shingles.
  48. 96. Third cranial nerve.
  49. 97. Colour vision defect with the red cone missing.
  50. 98. Example of unicellular fungus.
  51. 99. Fibers in the crystalline lens's cortex appear as a(n) ______ "y" when seen posteriorly.
  52. 100. Term for when light does not fall directly on the retina (abnormal vision).
  53. 101. Optic ____, is a blind spot in the eye.
Down
  1. 2. The most posterior layer of the cornea.
  2. 3. The iris _____ muscle is arranged in a circular manner.
  3. 5. The 3 divisions of the trigeminal nerve are mandibular, maxillary, and ____.
  4. 6. There is this amount of rectus muscles around one eye.
  5. 9. Orbital bone making up the forehead.
  6. 10. The second step of gram staining is to add iodide to act as a(n) ____, to help dye stick to cell walls.
  7. 11. The wavelengths of the ____ light spectrum are 400-700nm.
  8. 12. Example of multicellular fungus.
  9. 15. Butterfly-shaped orbital bone.
  10. 16. Sixth cranial nerve.
  11. 18. Never ____ fungal infections in the eye as moisture can cause them to grow more.
  12. 23. Colour vision defect with the red cone deficient.
  13. 26. Second valve tears drain through.
  14. 27. Colour vision defect with the blue cone deficient.
  15. 29. Chocolate agar medium is a(n) ______ medium for Neisseria species bacteria.
  16. 31. Total number of orbital bones in ONE eye socket.
  17. 33. Colour vision defect with the green cone deficient.
  18. 37. Colour vision defect with the green cone missing.
  19. 39. Sabourad's ___ and Inhibitory mold ___ are examples of mediums used for fungi.
  20. 41. Fourth cranial nerve.
  21. 43. ____ aureus is an example of a gram-positive cocci.
  22. 46. The gram-negative bacilli haemophilus influenza causes orbital ____.
  23. 47. Multicellular parasites such as round worms or tape worms.
  24. 50. Conjunctiva covering the globe of the eye.
  25. 51. The final step of gram staining is to inspect the cells under a(n) ____ to determine the colour stained.
  26. 53. Rod shaped bacteria.
  27. 54. The macula is always ____ to the optic disc.
  28. 56. One function of the retinal pigment epithelium is to _____ the photoreceptors.
  29. 60. Term for unequal image sizes in each eye (both eyes see the same image as a different size from the other).
  30. 61. Thayer Martin medium is a(n) ____ medium for Neisseria species bacteria.
  31. 63. Both the superior and inferior ophthalmic veins drain into the _____ sinus.
  32. 65. The third step of gram staining is to add ____ as a decolourizer.
  33. 69. Term for both eyes having an unequal amount of refractive error.
  34. 70. Congenital malformation where the eye structures fail to fuse.
  35. 71. ____ sign indicates ocular involvement when there is a lesion on the tip of the nose when a patient has a herpes zoster infection.
  36. 72. This is caused by the gram-positive cocci streptococcus pneumoniae.
  37. 75. Term for a pathogen that does have an oxygen requirement.
  38. 77. ____ white stain is used clinically to identify fungal infection of the hair and nails.
  39. 78. This pathway is how input travels from the brain to the eye.
  40. 80. Junction where aqueous humour drainage begins.
  41. 81. Gram-negative bacilli pseudomonas ____ is found in watery environments.
  42. 82. Vancomycin ____ Nystatin (VPN) is added to Thayer Martin medium to kill other bacteria and allow Neisseria to grow.\
  43. 85. This is the main function of the choroid, particularly to the retina and optic nerve.
  44. 86. Multicellular parasites that live on the skin.
  45. 88. Herpes ____ is a virus causing dendritic ulcers in the cornea.
  46. 91. The main function of the orbicularis oculi muscle is ____ the eyelids.
  47. 92. Pathogens like fungi and parasites are harder to treat because they have ___ cells, similar to humans.
  48. 93. The ____ segment of the eye contains structures like the retina, macula, and optic disc.
  49. 94. Second cranial nerve.