Operating systems

3. The surname of the student creating the crossword.
6. The process of temporarily storing frequently used data to speed up future access.
8. The central part of the OS, managing computer resources.
11. A phenomenon where unused memory blocks become inaccessible due to fragmentation into blocks of different sizes.
12. A means of interaction between the user and the operating system.
13. A free operating system with many distributions, such as Ubuntu and Debian.

1. A memory area used for temporarily storing data.
2. A technology that allows multiple operating systems to run on a single physical computer.
4. A program that facilitates communication between the OS and hardware.
5. A user with the highest privileges in the Linux operating system.
7. A component of the OS responsible for monitoring and managing processes running in the system.
9. The smallest unit of execution within a process.
10. An operating system developed in 1969 at Bell Labs, which became the foundation for many other OSes.