Outer/Middle Ear Anatomy Project

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Across
  1. 3. The binaural cues for localization of sounds include intramural _____ differences of high-frequency sounds.
  2. 4. The middle ear muscle reflex causes a _____ in the transmission of low-frequency sounds.
  3. 12. The _____ of the external ear amplifies the speech frequencies in adults.
  4. 13. The tympanic membrane is _____ and tilted in the ear canal.
  5. 15. Contraction of the _____ pulls the stapes in the posterior direction.
  6. 17. The functions of the outer ear are protection, _____, and localization.
  7. 18. The outer ear is also known as the _____.
  8. 19. The _____ tube equalizes pressure in the middle ear.
  9. 20. The stapes _____ is attached to the oval window.
Down
  1. 1. The middle ear muscle reflex prevents the ossicular chain from moving in a _____ way.
  2. 2. The three mechanisms of impedance matching are area ratio, _____ lever, and buckling effect.
  3. 5. Contraction of the tensor tympani pulls the ______ in the anterior direction.
  4. 6. Moves with a rocking motion in response to low and moderate-level sounds.
  5. 7. The tensor veil _____ muscle opens the eustachian tube.
  6. 8. The pinna _____ locates sounds vertically, above and below the horizontal plane.
  7. 9. At high frequencies, the _____ effect causes interaural intensity differences.
  8. 10. The functions of the middle ear are _____ matching, selective oval window stimulation, and pressure equalization.
  9. 11. The binaural cues for localization of sounds include intramural _____ differences of low-frequency sounds.
  10. 14. The three _____ are the malleus, the incus, and the stapes.
  11. 16. The tensor tympani muscle is innervated by the _____ nerve.