PAES 100 series

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Across
  1. 3. (4,7) tillage operation that cuts and moves small layers of soil to provide smooth, refined surface.
  2. 6. Philippine-based, foreign or Filipino-owned, manufacturing entity involved in the production and distribution of agricultural machinery
  3. 11. (6,5) power measured at the flywheel or the crankshaft
  4. 12. tillage system traditionally performed in preparing a seedbed for a given crop and grown in a given geographical area.
  5. 15. (4,8) scratching, cutting, or abrasing of materials caused by the action of soil
  6. 16. filling up the pump with water to displace or evacuate the entrapped air through a vent and create a liquid seal inside the casing
  7. 17. (7,6) indicates the maximum load that can be successfully carried by the motor if it is to operate continuously and remain within a safe temperature range
  8. 19. series of events occurring one after the other in a definite order and repeats the events after the last one has occurred
  9. 20. mechanical manipulation of soil for any desired purpose.
  10. 25. tillage system wherein least soil manipulation is performed.
  11. 27. (6,6) implement used for broadcast or strip tillage and is also used as chemical incorporator and as row crop cultivator
  12. 30. part of the granule applicator that puts the granule in motion through continuous stirring or rotation
  13. 31. part of the plow that presses and slides against the furrow wall, providing lateral stability during operation
  14. 33. (12,7)self-propelled, wheeled, tracklaying or semi tracklaying machine primarily designed to pull, push, carry and/or operate trailers or provide power to implements and machines used for agricultural, forestry and other related works.
  15. 35. tillage subsoiling under the plant row prior to planting usually intended for subsurface drainage.
  16. 37. (4,7) tillage operation which move soil to establish a desired soil elevation and slope
  17. 38. diameter of the cylinder
  18. 40. protective device, which by means of a rail, fence, frame or the like ensures the safety, distance necessary so that the dangerous part cannot be reached inadvertently.
  19. 42. (6,7) tillage in which a narrow curved shank is used.
  20. 43. protective device designed and fitted so that, alone or with other parts of the machine, it prevents contact with the dangerous part from all sides.
  21. 44. twisting or turning force produced by the motor
  22. 47. (a.k.a. Field poles) stationary part of electric motor consisting of copper windings which is placed in a laminated iron core
  23. 49. length of the piston travel
  24. 50. part of granule applicator where granules are loaded
  25. 51. (8,5) machine which converts electrical energy to mechanical energy
  26. 52. tillage, which constitutes the initial major soilworking operation, normally designed to reduce soil strength, cover plant materials, and rearrange aggregates
  27. 53. (5,4) sum of payload and unladen mass of the trailer expressed in tons
  28. 55. (4,4) implement with individually mounted concave disc blades which cut, partially or completely invert a layer of soil to bury surface material, and pulverize the soil.
  29. 57. (5,10)implement for seedbed preparation, weed eradication, or fallow cultivation subsequent to some form of primary tillage
  30. 59. (a.k.a. guarantee) expressed assurance of the quality of the materials and workmanship of the products offered for sale or length of satisfactory use to be expected from a product under normal use
  31. 62. set of concave discs, which is mounted on a common shaft and separated by a spool
  32. 63. (6,4) implement which shatters the soil without complete burial or mixing of surface materials
  33. 66. (planter) this is a type of rowcrop planter which is designed to deposit one or more seeds in a hill at equal intervals.
  34. 69. circular, flat tool used to cut plant material and soil
  35. 73. has one voltage applied to the motor in the shape of a sine wave
  36. 75. deep tillage, below 350 mm for the purpose of loosening soil for root growth and/or water movement.
  37. 76. primary tillage operation which manipulates soil to a greater depth than 300 mm.
  38. 77. force to propel an implement in the direction of travel which is equal and opposite to drawbar pull
  39. 80. tillage operation employing powerdriven rotary action to cut, break up, and mix soil.
  40. 81. implement for crushing soil clods and compacting the soil
  41. 83. tillage system in which the primary tillage operation is performed in conjunction with special planting procedures in order to reduce or eliminate secondary tillage operations.
  42. 84. (4,6)implement used to pulverize the soil to attain a better soil tilth for the seed germination and growth.
  43. 85. tillage, following primary tillage, which are designed to control weed growth and to create specific soil surface configurations before seeding.
  44. 88. (4,7) tillage operation which move soil to create desired soil configurations.
  45. 92. (9,4) implement which cuts, partially or completely inverts a layer of soil to bury surface materials, and pulverizes the soil
  46. 93. bar at the rear of a tractor to which implements are hitched
  47. 95. (planter) this is a type of rowcrop planter which enables operator to perform hill planting at definite spacing (in checks or squares). This facilitates mechanical weed control and other operations.
  48. 96. tillage system that maintains a minimum of 30% residue cover on the soil surface after planting or maintains at least 1,100 kg/ha of flat small grain residue equivalent on the soil surface during the critical erosion period.
  49. 97. fine drops of liquid, such as water or chemical pesticide, sprayed into the air
  50. 98. implement for intermittent tillage at depths sufficient to shatter compacted subsurface layers.
  51. 99. structural member primarily used for attaching a tillage tool to a beam
Down
  1. 1. (6,4,6)consists of two gangs wherein one gang is located behind the other at an angle and the harrow is operated in an offset position in relation to the tractor.
  2. 2. (9,5) horizontal distance perpendicular to the direction of travel between the outermost edges of the implement.
  3. 4. tillage to partially bury and thereby prevent movement of materials such as plant residues or artificial mulches.
  4. 5. (10,4)test carried out on samples selected from a lot for the purpose of acceptance of the lot.
  5. 7. formation of cavities filled with water vapor due to local pressure drop and collapse as soon as the vapor bubbles reach regions of high pressure
  6. 8. portion of an implement designed to connect the implement to a power source.
  7. 9. generic term used for a small particle having a diameter ranging from 2 to 4 mm
  8. 10. (4,11) shallow tillage operation performed to promote growth of crop plants by creating a soil condition conducive to aeration, infiltration, and moisture conservation or to pest control.
  9. 13. authorized representative of distributors and/or manufacturers to supply, trade, sell and service agricultural machinery to endusers
  10. 14. tillage idealized system which permits a maximized net return for a given crop under given conditions.
  11. 18. (3,7) operation that cuts and throws the soil away from the base of plants
  12. 21. any material added to the tractor for the purpose of enhancing traction or stability
  13. 22. pushing or rolling of soil by a steeply inclined blade
  14. 23. retaining pin used in the hitch pins or studs
  15. 24. structure to which the standards are fitted
  16. 26. component which scrapes the soil adhering to the concave side of the disc
  17. 28. tillage operation which is oriented in specific paths or directions with respect to the sun, prevailing winds, previous tillage actions, or field base lines.
  18. 29. (a.k.a. Armature winding) rotating part of electric motor which is typically constructed of a laminated steel core containing currentcarrying copper wires
  19. 32. protective devices designed and fitted so that alone or with other parts of the machine, they prevent the dangerous part being reached from the side or sides covered.
  20. 34. (12,8)consist of agricultural tractors, selfpropelled and pedestrianoperated machines, implements, and combinations thereof primarily used for agricultural operations.
  21. 35. number of individual voltages applied to the motor
  22. 36. (5,5) center to center distance between two front or rear wheels
  23. 38. soilworking tool, consisting of an edge and a surface, which is primarily designed to cut through the soil
  24. 39. (6,9) minimum vertical distance between the soil surface and a potentially obstructing machine element.
  25. 41. tillage action and transport operations utilized to loosen, load, carry, and unload soil.
  26. 45. has three individual voltages applied to the motor
  27. 46. in any consignment, all components or equipment under study.
  28. 48. trench formed after the furrower bottom cuts and turns the furrow slices
  29. 54. opening in the hopper or tank through which the granules pass through
  30. 56. vertical distance measured from the lowest point to the center of the disc when its concave side is placed on a flat surface
  31. 58. trading entity authorized by foreign and local suppliers and/or manufacturers to distribute agricultural machinery to dealers
  32. 60. product of the force and the perpendicular distance from the line of action of that force to the axis of rotation and is expressed in kgm
  33. 61. tillage system in which tillage of the total soil surface is performed in such a way that plant residue is specifically left on or near the soil surface.
  34. 64. quantity used to express a form (or combination of forms) of the energy content of the liquid per unit weight of the liquid referred to any arbitrary datum
  35. 65. (abbrev.) cab or frame installed on agricultural tractors to protect or minimize injury of the operator from accidental overturning during operation
  36. 67. device used to lift or transfer water from one source to another
  37. 68. metallic tube that connects the nozzle to the hose of power sprayer
  38. 70. central part of the plow to which the share, moldboard and landside are attached
  39. 71. operation which pulverizes, smoothens, and makes the soil ready for planting NOTE: It is commonly used before seeding.
  40. 72. part of the mist blower that connects the nozzle to the blower
  41. 74. volume of water pumped per unit time
  42. 78. method of crop establishment for rice wherein rice seedlings grown in a nursery are pulled and transferred into puddled and leveled fields, 15 to 40 days after seeding
  43. 79. part of the plow that penetrates the soil and cuts the furrow slice horizontally
  44. 82. (planter) this is a type of tractor powerdriven seeder which can deposit the seeds at a specified rate in hills and rows spaced to permit interrow cultivation and also functions as a seed drill if required.
  45. 86. part of the plow which lifts, inverts and throws the furrow slice to one side
  46. 87. visually perceptible figure used to transmit information independent of language
  47. 89. current, in amperes, that a conductor can carry continuously under the conditions of use without exceeding its temperature rating
  48. 90. ratio of the difference between the speed of pulley or belt and wheels or track with load, to the speed without load
  49. 91. discharge at maximum efficiency
  50. 94. tip of lance of the power sprayer where the chemical is sprayed out