Pathogens & Immunity
Across
- 2. Outer protein coat of a virus
- 3. A small ring of DNA that carries accessory genes separate from those of the bacterial chromosome
- 5. allows substances to come in and out of the cell
- 6. protein particles that cause disease
- 7. Gram + bacteria- much peptidoglycan, purple stain, treat with.....
- 9. a substance that kills or prevents growth of other microorganisms
- 10. A virus that infects bacteria
- 15. bacteria that live in high salt environments
- 16. spreading of a pathogen
- 17. organisms that make their own food
- 22. redness, pain, swelling and heat that help destroy pathogens
- 25. organism that obtains food by consuming other living things
- 26. a disease that strikes people at the same time in the same area (flu season)
- 27. fibers Allow the virus to attach to the host cell
- 28. A tiny, nonliving particle that invades and then reproduces inside a host cell.
- 29. prevents that bacteria cell from bursting
- 33. a disease that spreads worldwide
- 35. outer structure of some viruses that make a virus easily hidden inside of the host
- 36. a poison that can harm an organism
- 37. bacteria that live in hot acidic environments
- 39. the short-term immunity that results from the introduction of antibodies from another person or animal. (rabies shot or mothers breast milk)
- 40. macrophages the engulf and destroy pathogens
Down
- 1. source of pathogen
- 4. Spiral bacteria
- 8. Acid DNA and RNA- genetic material
- 9. extremist bacteria that live where there is no oxygen
- 11. viral DNA that has attached to a host cell's chromosome and that is replicated with the chromosome's DNA
- 12. whip-like tail on bacteria used to create movement
- 13. structures that make proteins
- 14. cycle long viral cycle in which the viral DNA is added to the host cell's DNA and triggered to be released by stress
- 18. cycle short viral cycle in which copies of a virus are made within a host cell, the host cell dies and releases more viruses
- 19. Rod bacteria
- 20. hair-like structures that help bacteria stick to surfaces
- 21. Proteins secreted by cells infected with a virus. These proteins stimulate nearby cells to produce virus-fighting substances.
- 23. Gram - bacteria- little peptidoglycan, pink stain, treat with.....
- 24. Round bacteria
- 30. the immunity that results from the production of antibodies by the immune system in response to the presence of an antigen.
- 31. organism, such as a mosquito or tick, that transfers pathogens from one host to another
- 32. a disease that is always present in small amounts in a population (common cold)
- 34. bacteria that can live almost anywhere oxygen is available
- 38. outer covering of bacteria used for protection
- 39. An organism that causes disease