PBS Unit 3.1

Across

3. innate immunity that includes the first layers of protection against pathogens. Includes skin, nasal mucosa, cilia, etc.
4. A type of white blood cell (lymphocyte) that stimulates macrophages and activates B-cells.
6. The first cells that arrive at the site of infection. Includes macrophages, neutrophils, and dendritic cells.
9. Any of various infectious proteins that are abnormal forms of normal cellular proteins.
11. A disorder of structure or function in an organism that results in specific signs or symptoms, may affect a specific location in the organism, and is not a direct result of physical injury.
16. Anything that stimulates an immune response.
18. a person that is vulnerable to infection
19. The establishment of a disease-causing microorganism within a host.
21. the sequence of events that follow the agent of disease.
23. Any eukaryotic protist of the phylum or subkingdom Protozoa.
25. A type of white blood cell (lymphocyte) that destroys the pathogen and surrounding tissues.
26. An infection acquired in a hospital; also known as a hospital-acquired infection or HAI.
28. An organism in which another organism lives.
30. Any of a large group of nonliving, submicroscopic infective agents that typically comprise an RNA or DNA core of genetic material surrounded by a protein coat.
32. A type of lymphocyte (white blood cell) that matures in bone marrow and produces antibodies.
33. Saprophytic and parasitic spore-producing eukaryotic organisms that lack chlorophyll, such as molds, rusts, mildews, smuts, mushrooms, and yeasts.
36. Non-specific immune defense mechanisms that we are born with. These mechanisms work to keep anything outside of us from coming in.
38. organisms that cause disease.
39. habitat where the agent is living, growing, and can spread to others.
41. Disease transmission that occurs when a susceptible host inhales infected particles, touches an infected object, or is bitten by an infected insect.

Down

1. A type of white blood cell (lymphocyte) that ingests the pathogen and presents the pathogens parts on its surface. Stimulates T cells.
2. The last line of defense. Includes T-cells, B-cells, and antibodies.
5. Specific immune defense mechanisms. This form of immunity is acquired over a lifetime and uses antibodies to respond to specific antigens. Can be passive or active.
7. A single-celled, prokaryotic microorganism.
8. An epidemic that has spread across several countries or continents and affects a large number of people.
10. A large, eukaryotic, multicellular, parasitic worm, such as a tapeworm, liver fluke, ascarid, or leech.
12. diseases that are contracted or caught.
13. A substance used to stimulate an immune response with the goal of creating antibodies and providing immunity to specific infections.
14. The number of organisms it takes to cause illness following exposure
15. A branch of medical science that deals with the incidence, distribution, causes, and control of health problems in a population.
17. the cause of a disease or condition.
20. A disease-causing organism.
22. flora The bacteria that live in us and on us is known as our....
24. Disease transmission that occurs when a susceptible host touches an infected individual or is exposed to their body fluids.
27. A protein produced by B cells in the blood; works to impair pathogens. Also called an immunoglobulin.
29. A sudden increase in the occurrence of a disease in a localized area.
31. The ability to defend against a pathogen by preventing its entry and/or development or by neutralizing its pathogenic cellular products.
34. A type of white blood cell (lymphocyte) that eats the pathogen.
35. larger agents visible to the naked eye
37. tiny agents, called microbes, visible only with a powerful microscope
40. A disease perpetually present in a community or population within a specific geographic area.