PCRS-10 Control of ventilation

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Across
  1. 3. - (respiratory group) - contains the nucleus ambiguous and nucleus retroambiguous
  2. 4. - (two words, hyphen between them) - receptors that are affected by changes in arterial PCO2; have a slow response ; do not respond to oxygen
  3. 6. - located near the nucleus retrofacialis; this complex is thought to be a key centre of respiratory rhythmogenesis
  4. 7. - the brain stem and receptors in lungs have a role in this type of control of ventilation
  5. 12. - (respiratory group) - found within the nucleus tractus solitarus; contains only inspiratory neurones that fire immediately prior to and during inspiration
  6. 14. - (two words, hyphen between them) - receptors found in the aortic bodies and carotid bodies; have a very fast response to hypercapnia; respond to PO2
  7. 16. - cells of the carotid bodies which partly enclose type 1 cells
  8. 17. - (two words ,hyphen between them) - mechanoreceptors present in respiratory muscles that are stimulated by shortening and load of respiratory muscles
Down
  1. 1. - (two words, hyphen between them) caused due to change in pH but not change to PCO2; for any given PCO2 there is decreased ventilation in order to retain CO2
  2. 2. - (technically three words, hyphen between each word) - reflex - inflation inhibits inspiration; not very active in adults
  3. 5. - (receptors); receptors located in the alveolar/bronchial walls close to capillaries; cause apnoea or rapid shallow rapid breathing, fall in heart rate and bp; laryngeal constriction, relaxation of skeletal smooth muscle
  4. 8. - (two words, hyphen between them) caused due to change in pH but no change in PCO2; ventilation will increase for any given CO2 to get rid of excess acid
  5. 9. - (centre) prolongs inspiration; located in the pons
  6. 10. - this type of control of ventilation arises as a response to changes in PCO2, PO2 and pH; central and peripheral chemoreceptors are involved
  7. 11. - (receptors) - receptors that are found between epithelial cells throughout the airways; stimulated by some gasses, smoke and dust, inflammation etc
  8. 13. - cells of the carotid bodies which are rich in neurotransmitters; end off signals to CNS
  9. 15. - (centre) inhibits inspiratory phase; it is in the pons