Perio Part 12

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Across
  1. 1. Tetracyclines are effective against most strains of this periodontal pathogen that is a major player in patients with periodontitis.
  2. 6. Chlorhexidine has been prescribed for patients with this oral condition to decrease their caries risk and treat periodontal disease.
  3. 8. A broad spectrum semisynthetic tetracycline derivative that is bacteriostatic.
  4. 9. The effect chlorhexidine has on oral bacteria.
  5. 11. A niche or secure place in the oral cavity that can allow periodontal pathogens to live undisturbed during routine therapy and subsequently repopulate periodontal pockets quickly.
  6. 12. A characteristic of an ideal mouthrinse in that it should not produce any harmful effects to the tissues in the oral cavity or systemically to the patient.
  7. 15. Periodontal reattachment or new attachment strongly relies on the presence of this structure after root instrumentation.
  8. 16. Encompassing scientifically unproven practices and products that do not conform to generally accepted dental practices or conventional methods of evaluation diagnosis prevention and/or treatment of diseases conditions and/or dysfunctions related to the oral cavity and its associated structures.
  9. 21. End-tuft brushes are best for distal surfaces of the last tooth in an arch lingual surfaces of mandibular teeth crowded or misaligned teeth and what type of embrasure spaces.
  10. 24. Fill in the Blank: Chlorhexidine is an _______________ agent that can prevent plaque formation but it is not able to remove plaque that is already present.
  11. 27. Fill in the Blank: Resistance appears to be related to the biofilms'_______ because biofilms demonstrate progressive antibiotic resistance as they mature.
  12. 28. the process of using water or other liquid solutions to remove loose debri around the gingival margin and into the sulcus.
  13. 29. Has the greatest potential for reaching deeper into a sulcus or pocket compared to other types of oral hygiene aids.
  14. 33. The generic name for PerioChip.
  15. 34. A common ingredient seen in anti-tartar toothpastes.
  16. 35. When this is combined with triclosan it can reduce dental calculus formation.
  17. 37. Tiny nylon brushes on a handle that come in varying sizes.
  18. 38. A tiny gelatin chip containing antiseptic chlorhexidine that is inserted into a periodontal pocket that is 5mm or greater in depth.
  19. 39. The generic name for Atridox.
  20. 42. A group of chemical agents that inclue thymol menthol eucalyptol and methyl salicylate that have been used in mouthrinses for years.
  21. 45. Antibiotics that can be taken orally or injected.
  22. 47. Tetracylcines inhibit the action of this enzyme that is responsible for the breakdown of the periodontium in periodontitis.
  23. 50. A common mouthrinse brand that contains essential oils.
  24. 51. Chlorhexidine mouthrinses are shown to be effective in patients that have oral infections by this fungus.
  25. 55. Root concavities are most often seen on what surface of molars?
  26. 56. Initials for the primary type of care provided for most patients with dental biofilm-induced gingivitis.
  27. 57. Process in the acute inflammatory response that uses cells to provide stop signals that lead to shut down and clear immune cells in order to prevent tissue injury and the progression of acute inflammation into chronic inflammation.
  28. 58. How long do most controlled-release devices continue to deliver chemicals into periodontal pockets after placement.
  29. 59. Characteristic of an ideal mouthrinse in that it should be stable at room temperature and have a reasonable shelf life.
  30. 60. Atridox may cause what fungal infection in the oral cavity?
  31. 61. The intraoral placement of a chemical agent or local delivery using controlled release devices into a periodontal pocket where the chemical agent then comes into contact with biofilm forming either on the teeth or in the pocket.
  32. 62. An active ingredient in some prescription mouthrinses at a 0.12% concentration that is effective against both gram negative and gram postive bacteria.
  33. 64. Characteristic of an ideal mouthrinse in that the active ingredient should be retained in the oral cavity for a while following rinsing and would be released slowly over time resulting in a continuing antimicrobial effect.
  34. 65. Chlorhexidine is often prescribed temporarily for patients in this phase of care as it is often hard for them to perform mechanical biofilm control as they heal.
  35. 66. Chlorhexidine reacts with this anionic surfactant present in some toothpaste formulations reducing the effectiveness of the chlorhexidine.
  36. 67. Fill in the Blank: Controlled release devices are indicated for localized pockets that are ________________ after thorough nonsurgical and surgical periodontal therapy or within sites with disease recurrences.
  37. 69. One of the principle cytokines secreted by macrophages that contributes to tissue destruction and characterizes chronic inflammation.
  38. 70. A succesful active ingredient in toothpastes that serves as an anticaries agent and can help reduce the severity of gingivitis.
  39. 71. Refers to selfcare periodontal instrumentation surgical interventions and control of local contributing factors.
Down
  1. 2. Mouthrinses that have actual benefits to the patient in addition to the simple goal of breath freshening and halitosis reduction.
  2. 3. Involves sampling the bacteria associated with the disease procss and testing cultures of the bacteria for specific antibiotic susceptibility in order to avoid prescribing the inappropriate antibiotics.
  3. 4. Fill in the Blank: The level of substantivity and ability to reduce the severity of gingivitis and biofilm is _____________ in cetylpyridiniumchloride compared to essential oils and chlorhexidine.
  4. 5. A subantimicrobial dose of this antibiotic has show to significantly improve clincal parameters associated with periodontal health in patients with periodontitis when used as an adjunct to a maintenance schedule of periodontal instrumentation.
  5. 7. Consists of an antimicrobial chemical that is embedded in a carrier material and is designed to be placed directly in the pocket where the carrier material attaches to the tooth surface and dissolves slowly producing a steady sustained release of the antimicrobial agent over a period of several days.
  6. 10. The ability of bacteria to withstand the effects of an antibiotic by developing mechanisms to protect it from the killing or inhibiting effect of the antibiotic.
  7. 13. Chlorhexidine mouthrinse has shown to be helpful in patients with these types of conditions as they may be more susceptible to infections in general.
  8. 14. Medications that are used to help fight infections either because they kill bacteria or because they can inhibit the growth of bacteria.
  9. 17. Floss holders are best for patients with dexterity issues and what what type of embrasure spaces?
  10. 18. Covers the surface of biofilm and acts as a barrier which prevents some chemical agents from contacting the bacteria in the biofilm.
  11. 19. Ingredients that are included simply to add other properties such as color flavor increased shelf life or to keep components in a certain physical state.
  12. 20. Controlled release devices are to be used in conjunction with what?
  13. 22. The most common sides effects of longterm use of chlorhexidine are taste alterations calculus formation and what?
  14. 23. A type of acute phase reactant protein seen in increased levels during acute inflammation but also with systemic diseases such as periodontitis.
  15. 25. Cetylpridinium chloride is what type of compound?
  16. 26. A controlled release mechanism that delivers the antibiotic minocycline hydrochloride in a powdered microsphere form.
  17. 30. Tetracyclines tend to be concentrated more in what fluid compared to blood.
  18. 31. This surface active agent binds to oral tissues and kills bacteria by disrupting their cell walls.
  19. 32. An interdental aid that is most effective in patients with Type one embrasures.
  20. 36. A topical antimicrobial agent used in many products including toothpastes that can be combined with copolymers to reduce the severity of gingivitis.
  21. 40. Characteristic of an ideal mouthrinse in that it should inhibit or kill periodontal pathogens.
  22. 41. This is present in some mouthrinses and should be avoided in patients with hypertension.
  23. 43. A tertiary amine surfactant that is found in some mouthrinses and works by forming a barrier that prevents biofilm from adhering to the tooth surface or gingiva along with interfering with the enzymes responsible for biofilm formation.
  24. 44. A gel system that delivers the antibiotic doxycycline to the periodontal pocket and dissolves over time.
  25. 46. What phase of biofilm growth are biofilms most resistant to antibiotics?
  26. 48. A group of antibiotics that have been found to be particularly effective at treating periodontal disease.
  27. 49. A wooden interdental aid that is helpful for patients with type two embrasures.
  28. 52. Inflammation that is a long-lived out of control response that continues for more than a few weeks and results in varying degrees of tissue injury which can exceed the damage of the original problem.
  29. 53. An ingredient that produces some benefit for the patient.
  30. 54. Some mouthrinses have this as an ingredient and should be avoided in patients with xerostomia and a history of alcoholism.
  31. 63. The currently most widely accepted theory to explain dentinal hypersensitivity.
  32. 68. These interdental aid are most effective for patients with type three embrasures.