Period 5 (1844-1877) Crossword Puzzle

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Across
  1. 4. An act that eliminated the restrictions on ex-Confederates which lead to the allowance of southern conservatives to vote for Democrats in order to retake control of state governments. This inevitably tried to expel any northern influence in southern politics, and lead to many southern Democrats to invoke prejudice laws against African-Americans (Jim crow laws)
  2. 5. A bill created to divide the Nebraska Territory into two separate territories, Kansas and Nebraska in which both territories were given the opportunity to decide whether to allow slavery within their own regions.
  3. 7. A phrase used to express the belief within Americans that they had an obligation to expand and take over all westward land within North America in order to create their own culture.
  4. 10. A political party created by Northerners in which their main focus was to stop the expansion of slavery. This party also advocated for free homesteads and were known for their slogan, “free soil, free labor, and free men,”.
  5. 11. An act that affirmed the “equality of all men before the law” and prohibited racial discrimination in public places and facilities such as restaurants and public transportation. This act lead to further normalization of viewing African Americans as equals rather than property or people of a lower status.
  6. 13. A proclamation passed by Lincoln that promised freedom to slaves in all states if the Union were to win the Civil War. This was a revolutionary act by Lincoln, as it solidified a coming violent conflict between the north and the south.
  7. 15. An expedition lead by William Walker in hopes of taking over new territories. Walker and his men were able to seize power in Nicaragua, and recieved recognition from the United States.
  8. 18. A financial crisis due to a drop in European demand for American farm products and an over-expansion within the industries and railroads which caused an economic depression throughout both the U.S and Europe.
  9. 19. A group of the Republican Party during the Civil War that strongly advocated for the abolition of slavery, and other African American rights. This group of people helped with enfranchisement of black citizens and holding the Southern states financially and morally culpable for the war.
  10. 21. A law apart of the Compromise of 1850 that was created in order to help owners track-down and capture fugitive slaves who have escaped to the North. Anyone caught trying to aid runaway slaves with shelter or other means of escape faced heavy penalties. This also lead to Northern animosity towards Southerners which furthered sectional decision.
  11. 23. The discovery of gold in California (and later on in other states such as Colorado, Nevada, and Dakota) that lead to a vast wave of new settlers for many regions.
  12. 24. The process in which the Union attacked near the Mississippi River and blocked all Southern ports which lead to the confederates being cut off from their food and supplies they needed for the war. It also decreased their economy due to their reliance of income at the time was dependent on Europe’s need for cotton.
  13. 25. The location of the first battle in the civil war in which the Union troops attacked the confederates in Washington D.C, but were forced to retreat. This battle lead to the false belief that this war would be short, and gave the confederates a reputation of being a strong-fighting army.
  14. 26. A leading abolitionist that has escaped slavery, and helped others escape slavery by creating what is known as the Underground Railroad.
Down
  1. 1. A bundle of five laws that attempted to restore political balance between slave states and free states. This compromise lead to the increase of the North’s political power with the admission of California as a free state, leading to an imbalance within congress. It’s also led to the establishment of the fugitive slave law act, where southerners could re-capture escaped slaves even if they escaped to free territories in the north, which further conflict between the north and the south.
  2. 2. A northern force lead by General Sherman that destroyed cotton fields, food, and other supplies in Georgia, and set fire to the confederates capital in South Carolina. This victory on destroying the enemy’s capital lead to the confederates’ humility and mindset that they have already lost the war.
  3. 3. The states of Delaware, Maryland, Missouri, and Kentucky that still supported slavery, but did not secede from the Union. These states played a significant role in the Union’s victory during the civil war due to these states’ valuable land attributes such as additional land, troops, and money.
  4. 6. Acts proposed and ratified that enabled enslaved African Americans in confederate states to be free if they reached union camps. This made it easier for enslaved African Americans to escape slavery through the Union, which later lead to the allowance of African Americans to fight for the Union.
  5. 8. A speech given by President Abraham Lincoln in order to address the problems within the Civil War for the northern cause and to honor the soldiers who died in the Battle of Gettysburg.
  6. 9. The war started over confusion regarding the annexation of Texas, leading to America and Mexico fighting in 1846-1848 in which the Americans fought over Mexican Territory.
  7. 12. Amendment An amendment that prohibited the government from denying people the right to vote based off of their color, religion, or other discriminate groups. The expansion of civil equalities to African Americans later lead to the civil rights act and other anti-discriminant discussions throughout our government.
  8. 14. A time period of financial panic in which there was a major increase of unemployment within Northern cities and a major decrease of the prices for Midwestern agricultural products, while the cotton prices in the South reminded high. This lead to further tensions between the North and South.
  9. 16. A bill proposed by a Pennsylvanian Congressman, David Wilmot, that would prohibit the use of slavery in any new territory that was claimed from Mexico. This bill passed the House, but was rejected in the Senate.
  10. 17. A rarified treaty created in Mexico by Nicholas Trist (an American diplomat) after American troops had taken over Mexico City. This treaty stated America’s demands as to what they wanted from Mexico which included the new border for Texas to be Rio Grande, and that the US will pay 15million for California and New Mexico.
  11. 20. A result of the Kansas Nebraska act, where slave owners and abolitionists poured into Kansas to try to swing the vote in favor of their own beliefs regarding slavery, which led to a bunch of conflict between proslavery and anti-slavery people.
  12. 22. Klux Klan A prejudice organization created by an ex-confederate general that enacted upon hate crimes towards African Americans in response to reconstruction policies and new government enactments to enforce civil rights. This group grew prominent in the south as it appealed to the ideals of power by many white supremacists.