Periodic Table (Group 4A)
Across
- 2. The basic materials for cement, glass, and zeolites.
- 4. The increasing number of the atomic radius when going down Group 4A causes the M-Cl bonds to increase and becomes weaker which in turn cause the thermal ______ of the tetrachlorides decreases down Group 4A.
- 6. Term that used to describe the tendency of an atom to attract a shared pair of electrons towards itself.
- 8. Another name for SiO2.
- 10. Tetrachloromethane cannot react with water molecules as carbon atom does not have _______ to receive lone pairs from oxygen atoms in the water molecule.
- 11. The acid-base property of CO and SIO.
- 12. Colour if PBO in the solid-state.
- 13. The result when B2O3 'dates' with SiO2.
- 14. Group 4A elements form two series of oxides with oxygen which are monoxide with the general formula of MO and _______ with the general formula of MO2.
- 15. Tin is used widely in this industry, especially tin-plated iron and tin-plated iron.
- 16. This element was discovered by Antoine Laurent de Lavoisier.
- 17. First ionization energy of the Group 4A elements ________ down the group.
- 19. Dioxides of this element are covalent with the ionic characteristics, the same goes with the dioxides of Sn and Pb.
- 20. Element with the electronic configuration of [Ne]3s2 3p2.
- 22. PbO2 undergoes _______ decomposition most readily and form Lead(II)Oxide and Oxygen gas.
- 24. Another form of carbon (allotrope) that does not conduct electricity as it does not have delocalized electrons.
- 27. Silicon and Germanium are ________ and they are used widely in the semiconductor industry.
- 28. +4 oxidation state of the Group 4A elements decreases down the group because it is _______ to remove the two valence electrons from the s orbitals.
Down
- 1. Thermal stability of PBO2 is ________ because Pb4+ is not preferable compared to Pb2+.
- 3. A process that uses an electric current to reduce dissolved metal cations so that they form a thin coherent metal coating on an electrode.
- 5. A synthetic organosilicon polymer containing Si-O-Si bonds.
- 7. one of the alternative names of the silicates.
- 9. The alkalinity of the dioxides _______ when going down the group.
- 18. CO2 and SiO2 are _______. CO2 is slightly soluble in water to form carbonic acid but SiO2 is insoluble in water.
- 21. The melting point of Group 4A decreases down the group except for _______ because it has a more close-packed structure.
- 23. All the tetrachlorides undergo this chemical reaction to liberate white fumes of hydrogen chloride except CCl4.
- 25. the +4 oxidation state of C, Si, Ge, and Sn is more stable than the +2 oxidation state. Thus, their +2 compounds are good _______ agents s they can be oxidized easily to the +4 oxidation state.
- 26. monoxides and dioxides of Germanium, Tin, and Lead show this acid-base property.