Peripheral Signs of Liver Disease

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Across
  1. 3. A central red arteriole with radiating vessels on the upper body that blanches on pressure due to increased oestrogen.
  2. 8. Bilateral painless swelling of the parotid glands seen in alcohol-related liver disease.
  3. 9. Loss of muscle bulk due to malnutrition and chronic liver dysfunction.
  4. 10. Enlargement of male breast tissue due to an increased oestrogen-to-testosterone ratio.
  5. 12. Whitening of the nails due to hypoalbuminaemia.
  6. 13. Yellow cholesterol-rich plaques on the eyelids associated with cholestatic liver disease.
  7. 14. A flapping tremor of the hands on wrist extension indicating hepatic encephalopathy from ammonia accumulation.
Down
  1. 1. Bulbous enlargement of the fingertips with loss of the normal nail angle seen in some chronic liver diseases.
  2. 2. Symmetrical redness of the thenar and hypothenar eminences caused by vasodilation from raised oestrogen levels.
  3. 4. A musty, sweet-smelling breath caused by accumulation of volatile toxins in liver failure.
  4. 5. Thickening of the palmar fascia leading to fixed flexion of the fingers, commonly associated with chronic alcohol use.
  5. 6. Dilated veins radiating from the umbilicus caused by portal hypertension.
  6. 7. Yellow discoloration of the skin and sclera due to elevated bilirubin levels.
  7. 11. Easy bruising caused by impaired clotting factor synthesis in liver disease.