Persuasive Strategies Vocab Set 2

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Across
  1. 3. Aristotle’s concept that a persuasive argument will make appeals based on logic, emotion, and credibility (logos, pathos, ethos)
  2. 5. A method used for developing a case about policies that advocates adoption of the plan based on its advantages compared with the status quo or some other policy; in other words, you are arguing to establish that one plan is better than another plan
  3. 7. A strategy the negative uses to defend the present system with minor changes
  4. 8. Popper is a debate format that matches two three-person teams against each other Lincoln-Douglass is a one v. one format
  5. 10. The type of reasoning that examines the reasons certain actions, events, or conditions (causes) create specific consequences (effects)
  6. 14. The structure of the debate that both sides agree to use; there are several types but two we will study are:
  7. 15. A model of argument developed by philosopher Stephen Toulmin; the basic model includes evidence, warrant, claim, and reservation; this model is popular for constructing debate speeches
  8. 18. - determines whether the evidence is relevant to the claim it supports (that it is on-topic)
  9. 20. Observable data, something that can be proved, used to support arguments
  10. 21. Supporting an association between specific examples and a general rule
  11. 25. A document on which the judge records the decision, the reasons for the decision, and speaker points awarded to each debater
  12. 28. - determines whether the evidence is acceptable to those who judge the argument (that it is true and reliable)
  13. 30. A course of action proposed by the affirmative that will solve the problems identified in the need
  14. 33. A final claim made by a debater and supported by a combination of claims; the four main types are: definition, description, relationship, and evaluation (value)
  15. 34. A period during the debate when a member of one team asks questions of a member of the opposing team
  16. 35. The part of the affirmative case that identifies a certain problem in the status quo that the existing system cannot solve
Down
  1. 1. The formal process of arguing about claims in situations where an adjudicator must decide the outcome
  2. 2. A logical argument must meet the standards of: acceptability, relevance, and sufficiency; this is sometimes referred to as the “RSA triangle”
  3. 4. A statement that explains other facts or that predicts the occurrence of events
  4. 6. An exception made to a claim; it usually involves a situation in which the arguer does not wish to maintain the claim
  5. 9. Rejecting something because it is incompatible with something else
  6. 11. A controversial statement (a claim) supported by evidence and a warrant; the standards of a logically good argument include acceptability, relevance, sufficiency; argumentation is the uniquely human use of reasoning to communicate
  7. 12. A method of reasoning used in cause-and-effect analysis that examines examples wherein both the purported cause and purported effect are absent, concluding that one caused the other
  8. 13. Supporting a claim with the opinion of experts
  9. 16. An observer of a debate who has the responsibility of deciding which team has done a better job of debating
  10. 17. Supporting associations between causes and effects
  11. 19. The intentional use of language, voice, and body language used by a debater in order to persuade
  12. 22. A method of reason used in cause-and-effect analysis that examines examples that demonstrate that as the amount of the cause increases (or decreases) the effect will too
  13. 23. A speech that presents a debater’s basic arguments for or against the resolution; in a formal debate, this is the opening and main speech
  14. 24. - determines whether all of the evidence as a whole is sufficient to support the claim (that there is enough)
  15. 26. A method used for developing a case about policies that involves the identification of a need, proposal of a plan, and a demonstration of the advantages (the team must explain the positive effects of their plan)
  16. 27. The course of action currently pursued; this is also known as the present system
  17. 29. A method of reasoning used in cause-and-effect analysis that examines more than one case where two elements are simultaneously present, concluding that one is the cause of the other
  18. 31. Supporting a certain action based on the connection between that action and a general principle
  19. 32. A type of evidence that supports associations between things based on their similarity or dissimilarity