Photosynthesis

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Across
  1. 8. Cycle - A series of biochemical reactions in the light-independent phase of photosynthesis that fixes carbon dioxide into organic compounds, ultimately producing glucose.
  2. 11. - A green pigment found in chloroplasts that absorbs light energy, primarily from the blue and red wavelengths, playing a crucial role in photosynthesis.
  3. 12. - A gas produced as a byproduct of photosynthesis, released into the atmosphere, and essential for the respiration of most living organisms.
  4. 14. Spectrum - The range of all types of electromagnetic radiation, including visible light, which is crucial for photosynthesis as plants absorb specific wavelengths.
  5. 15. Reactions - Also known as the Calvin cycle, these reactions occur in the stroma and use ATP and NADPH to convert carbon dioxide into glucose.
  6. 18. - A coenzyme that carries electrons and hydrogen ions, produced during the light-dependent reactions and used in the Calvin cycle for glucose synthesis.
  7. 20. - A metabolic process that occurs in plants when oxygen is incorporated into the Calvin cycle instead of carbon dioxide, leading to a reduction in photosynthetic efficiency.
  8. 21. Fixation - The process of converting inorganic carbon dioxide into organic compounds during photosynthesis, primarily in the Calvin cycle.
  9. 22. - The fluid-filled space surrounding the thylakoids in chloroplasts, where the light-independent reactions (Calvin cycle) occur.
Down
  1. 1. - Another protein-pigment complex in the thylakoid membrane that absorbs light energy and initiates the process of water splitting and oxygen production during photosynthesis.
  2. 2. Dioxide - A colorless, odorless gas that is a key reactant in photosynthesis, absorbed by plants to produce glucose.
  3. 3. Cells - Specialized cells located in the leaves of plants that contain chloroplasts, where most photosynthesis occurs.
  4. 4. Transport Chain - A series of protein complexes located in the thylakoid membrane that transfer electrons from photosystem II to photosystem I, helping to generate ATP and NADPH.
  5. 5. - A simple sugar that serves as a primary energy source for plants and is produced during photosynthesis.
  6. 6. - The process by which green plants, algae, and some bacteria convert light energy into chemical energy, using carbon dioxide and water to produce glucose and oxygen.
  7. 7. Reactions - The initial stage of photosynthesis occurring in the thylakoids, where sunlight is converted into chemical energy in the form of ATP and NADPH, and oxygen is produced.
  8. 9. - A protein-pigment complex in the thylakoid membrane that absorbs light energy, contributing to the production of NADPH in the light-dependent reactions.
  9. 10. - Membrane-bound compartments inside chloroplasts that contain chlorophyll and are the sites of the light-dependent reactions of photosynthesis.
  10. 13. - An essential reactant in photosynthesis, providing the hydrogen needed for glucose synthesis and releasing oxygen as a byproduct.
  11. 16. - A process by which ATP is generated in the thylakoid membrane of chloroplasts, using the energy from the movement of protons (H+) across the membrane.
  12. 17. - Organelles found in plant cells and some algae that carry out photosynthesis, converting light energy into chemical energy stored in glucose.
  13. 19. - A particle of light that carries energy; photons are absorbed by chlorophyll during photosynthesis, initiating the light-dependent reactions.