Photosynthesis

3. where the light-dependent reactions take place and produce energy storage molecule ATP and the reduced electron carrier NADPH
5. process of combining glucose molecules together
7. is the reaction-centre chlorophyll a of a photosystem II
10. light independent stage of photosynthesis
11. their important function is to provide photoprotection, by absorption and dissipation excessive light energy
14. a graph showing the absorption of light by photosynthetic pigments
16. gaining electrons
17. It is composed of a reaction-center complex, and several light-harvesting complexes.
21. loss of electrons
22. enzyme essential for the light-independent reaction

1. where protons accumulate in the light-dependent stages
2. protons will move through this specialized channel to create the energy molecule
4. it consists of various pigment molecules which absorbs photons, pass them further to a pair of “chlorophyll a” and finally to a primary electron acceptor.
6. is the electron carrier in photosynthesis and is not produced in cyclic photophosphorylation
7. splitting of water
8. During the light stage, the pH in the thylakoid space drops to about 5, and the pH in the stroma increases to about 8, and this gradient of three pH units corresponds to a thousandfold different in H+ ……….
9. It is a part of the photosystem and by accepting electrons it becomes reduced
12. 5 carbon molecule that is carboxylated in the light-independent stages
13. a stack of thylakoids
15. carbon dioxide fixation with ribulose bisphosphate
18. The ultimate goal of the light-independent reactions (or Calvin cycle) is to assemble a molecule of…
19. Fixation, reduction and regeneration are the reactions taking place here
20. electron flow pushes electrons from this molecule, where they are at a state of low potential energy, ultimately to NADPH, where they are stored at a state of high potential energy.