Physics PPE Revision

Across

5. The model with particles spread far apart and moving around randomly.
6. The principle stating that energy cannot be created or destroyed, only transferred or converted.
8. Energy cannot be created or _______.
12. The energy stored in a substance due to its temperature, particle arrangement, and phase.
13. The process by which heat energy is transferred through a material without the movement of the material itself.
14. The amount of mass per unit volume of a substance.
16. The process in which heat energy is transferred by moving fluids or gases, often through air or water.
18. This equation relates the energy transferred, time, and power: Power = Energy transferred divided by this.
19. The total resistance in a parallel circuit is always lower/higher than the smallest individual resistance.
23. This type of energy is stored in the nucleus of atoms and can be released during nuclear reactions.
27. The type of energy change that occurs when a substance undergoes a change of state, such as from liquid to gas.
28. The model with particles that can slide over each other.
32. The unit of resistance.
34. This wire provides the return path for the current after it has passed through the appliance. It completes the electrical circuit.
35. The type of current used in the National Grid, which alternates direction.
36. A non-renewable fossil fuel, often used in power stations to generate electricity.
37. A material with a high specific heat capacity requires a large amount of this to increase its temperature.
38. The property of a material that resists the flow of electrical current.
40. A safety device that melts when the current is too high, breaking the circuit to prevent overheating or fires.
42. Energy derived from the Earth's internal heat.
44. A material with a low thermal conductivity that helps reduce heat transfer and insulates a building.
46. This energy source is renewable and harnessed from the movement of water, often through dams.
47. The potential energy stored in an object due to its position in a gravitational field.

Down

1. The rate at which energy is transferred or converted.
2. A process in which energy spreads out, often resulting in energy being less useful.
3. The amount of electrical charge flowing per second in a circuit.
4. The energy required to change the state of a substance without changing its temperature.
7. The formula for calculating density is mass divided by this quantity.
9. The type of energy transferred when a substance is heated, usually associated with the motion of particles.
10. This is what happens to energy when it is spread out and becomes less useful.
11. The unit of specific heat capacity, named after a famous scientist.
15. A device used to increase or decrease the voltage of electricity before it is transmitted or used.
17. This is the unit of electrical potential difference, also called voltage.
20. The energy transferred by a device or system in a given amount of time.
21. In this type of circuit, the current has more than one path to flow through.
22. The part of an appliance's electrical system connected to the earth, ensuring any stray current is directed safely to the ground.
24. The energy associated with the bonds between atoms or molecules in a substance.
25. This term refers to the amount of energy transferred in a specific amount of time.
26. The system that distributes electrical power from power stations to homes and businesses is the _______ grid.
29. This wire carries the alternating current (AC) from the power source (such as the mains electricity supply) to the appliance.
30. The model with particles in a fixed arrangement.
31. The energy store associated with moving objects.
33. The unit of mass.
39. The energy store that exists in stretched or compressed objects, like springs.
41. The type of circuit where the current has only one path to flow through.
43. The unit of power, equivalent to one joule per second.
45. A renewable energy resource obtained from sunlight.