Plant Processes

2. First root of the plant which elongates during germination and forms the primary root
5. Also known as S phase; phase in which the cell replicates its DNA
7. First stage of mitosis
8. Phase of the cell cycle in which a cell spends the majority of its time and performs most of its normal functions in preparation for cell division
11. Also known as G1 phase; phase in which the cell grows, carries out protein synthesis and performs other cellular functions
12. First embryonic leaf (leaves) of a seedling which emerge at the time of fermination
13. Fibers which form during mitosis and segregate chromosomes between daughter cells during cell division
14. Region of DNA typically found in the center of a chromosome which links two sister chromatids
16. One copy of a duplicated chromosome which is usually joined to the other copy by a centromere
19. Single piece of coiled DNA which contains many genes, regulatory elements and other nucleotide sequences
20. Area in the cell where microtubules are produced

1. Process by which a cell releases energy by breaking down glucose and other food molecules in the presence of oxygen
3. Ordered set of events resulting in cell growth and division into two daughter cells
4. Tissue produced inside the seeds of most flowering plants which surrounds the embryo and provides nutrition in the form of starch, oils and protein
6. Process of converting light energy to chemical energy and storing it in the bonds of sugar
9. Third stage of mitosis
10. Second stage of mitosis
13. Also known as M phase; process by which new cells are created and results in two daughter nuclei, each with genetic material identical to each other and the mother cell
15. Also known as G2 phase; growth phase which allows cells to continue to carry out normal functions and continue growing
17. Fourth stage of mitosis
18. Process by which a plant grows from a seed
19. Process which occurs after mitosis where the cell splits and two daughter cells are created, each with one nucleus