Plants

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  1. 1. The metabolic process in which cells break down glucose and other organic molecules to produce energy, usually in the form of ATP (adenosine triphosphate). Respiration can be aerobic (requiring oxygen) or anaerobic (occurring in the absence of oxygen).
  2. 3. The process of taking in or assimilating substances, such as water, nutrients, or gases, through a surface, often the roots of plants.
  3. 4. Very localized climate conditions that can vary within a small area, such as the climate near a building, under a tree, or alongside a wall.
  4. 9. The response of plants to the duration of light and darkness, which influences various developmental processes such as flowering and dormancy.
  5. 11. Nutrients that plants require in relatively large amounts for proper growth, such as nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium.
  6. 15. Nutrients Nutrients required by organisms for their growth, development, and overall health. Essential nutrients for plants include macronutrients and micronutrients.
  7. 16. Another type of plant vascular tissue responsible for transporting organic nutrients (such as sugars) produced in the leaves through photosynthesis to other parts of the plant for growth and storage.
  8. 17. A term used to describe plant cells that are swollen and rigid due to the absorption of water. Turgid cells help maintain the overall structure of the plant.
  9. 18. Nutrients that plants need in smaller quantities, including elements like iron, zinc, and copper.
  10. 19. The growth or movement of plants in response to light. Positive phototropism involves growing toward a light source, while negative phototropism (also known as skototropism) involves growing away from light.
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  1. 2. The process by which green plants and some other organisms convert light energy into chemical energy to synthesize glucose (sugar) from carbon dioxide and water, using chlorophyll and sunlight. Oxygen is released as a byproduct.
  2. 5. An excessive level of a substance that can be harmful to plants or other organisms. Nutrient toxicity can occur when plants are exposed to an overdose of certain elements.
  3. 6. A state in which a plant lacks an essential nutrient, leading to impaired growth and other health issues.
  4. 7. Large-scale climate patterns that characterize a region, such as the climate of an entire continent or a major geographical area.
  5. 8. A type of plant vascular tissue responsible for transporting water and minerals from the roots to the rest of the plant. It consists of specialized cells that form hollow tubes.
  6. 10. The movement of water, nutrients, and other organic molecules within a plant, particularly in the vascular tissues (xylem and phloem). It allows the distribution of resources to various parts of the plant.
  7. 12. Small openings, typically found on the surfaces of leaves and stems, through which gases (such as carbon dioxide and oxygen) are exchanged between a plant and its environment. Stomata also play a role in regulating water loss through transpiration.
  8. 13. The loss of water vapor from the aerial parts of plants, primarily through small openings called stomata on leaves. It helps in the movement of water and nutrients from the soil to the leaves and aids in cooling the plant.
  9. 14. Smaller-scale climate patterns that can occur within macroclimates, often influenced by local terrain, vegetation, and other factors.