PLASMA

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Across
  1. 1. also known as Langmuir waves (after Irving Langmuir), are rapid oscillations of the electron density in conducting media such as plasmas or metals in the ultraviolet region.
  2. 2. is a luminous ball of gas, mostly hydrogen and helium.
  3. 3. are the subatomic particles that orbit the nucleus of an atom.
  4. 5. is a television display technology in which each pixel on the screen is illuminated by a tiny bit of plasma (charged gas).
  5. 8. The space between stars is known as interstellar space
  6. 9. is a form of plasma processing used to fabricate integrated circuits.
  7. 10. Langmuir American physical chemist who was awarded the 1932 Nobel Prize for Chemistry “for his discoveries and investigations in surface chemistry.” He was the second American and the first industrial chemist to receive this honour.
  8. 11. is a hot ionized gas consisting of approximately equal numbers of positively charged ions and negatively charged electrons.
  9. 13. is a naturally occurring electrostatic discharge during which two electrically charged regions in the atmosphere or ground temporarily equalize themselves, causing the instantaneous release of as much as one gigajoule of energy.
  10. 16. contains a tiny amount of neon gas under low pressure.
  11. 18. a charged atom or molecule.
  12. 19. is a clear glass container filled with a mixture of various noble gases with a high-voltage electrode in the center of the container.
  13. 21. s the material which fills the Solar System, and through which all the larger Solar System bodies, such as planets, dwarf planets, asteroids, and comets, move
  14. 22. deposit (metal) on a surface by using fast ions to eject particles of it from a target.
  15. 25. is the outermost part of the Sun's atmosphere.
  16. 26. is everything that is composed of quarks and leptons
  17. 27. frequency is one intrinsic parameter of plasma, no matter whether it's in magnetic field or not.
  18. 28. is the third noble gas, in period 8, and it makes up about 1% of the Earth's atmosphere.
  19. 29. is a form of electric propulsion used for spacecraft propulsion.
Down
  1. 1. Charged particles must be close enough together that each particle influences many nearby charged particles, rather than just the interacting with the closest particle (these collective effects are a distinguishing feature of a plasma).
  2. 3. a field of force that consists of both electric and magnetic components, resulting from the motion of an electric charge and containing a definite amount of electromagnetic energy.
  3. 4. is the region of space surrounding Earth where the dominant magnetic field is the magnetic field of Earth
  4. 6. the superheated plasma that permeates a galaxy cluster.
  5. 7. is a type of plasma source in which the energy is supplied by electric currents which are produced by electromagnetic induction, that is, by time-varying magnetic fields.
  6. 12. s an imbalance of electric charges within or on the surface of a material. The charge remains until it is able to move away by means of an electric current or electrical discharge.
  7. 14. defined as the layer of the Earth's atmosphere that is ionized by solar and cosmic radiation.
  8. 15. s an analytical technique that measures the mass-to-charge ratio of ions.
  9. 17. is a plasma whose net charge creates an electric field large enough to play an important or even dominant role in the plasma dynamics.
  10. 20. electron interaction with matter.
  11. 23. or inner magnetosphere, is a region of the Earth's magnetosphere consisting of low energy (cool) plasma.
  12. 24. can refer to any substance which interacts predominantly via gravity with visible matter