Play Development Theory Review

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Across
  1. 5. During the first years of life, infants are totally __________ on their caregivers.
  2. 7. The book, written by Erikson, that contains his theories on play and development.
  3. 10. The book, written by Piaget, that contains his theories on play and development.
  4. 12. Industry and Inferiority is the __________ stage of psychosocial development, according to Erikson, in which goal-oriented projects are important.
  5. 13. The only one of Piaget's three types of knowledge derived from outer sources.
  6. 15. In the game stage, according to Mead, children learn to coordinate their representation of themselves (“I”) with the multiple __________ of others (multiple “me's”).
  7. 17. The type of knowledge, according to Piaget, that involves the physical properties of objects.
  8. 19. The theorist that combined “psycho” and “social” to emphasize that the individual's inner psychological state is inseparable from the social context.
  9. 20. The play stage, according to Piaget, that involves adherence to an external set social rules that govern play.
  10. 22. All social activities between children, __________, and adults (both formal and informal) are of primary importance.
  11. 23. The balance between autonomy, shame, and __________ constantly shifts.
  12. 26. According to Vygotksy, these are usually taken for granted in social play until conflict.
  13. 28. The stage, according to Mead, in which children perform simple role transformations.
  14. 30. Children perform beyond their usual level of functioning when engaged in __________.
  15. 34. The theorist who viewed the development of knowledge as a process of restructuring earlier ways of knowing into more adequate or generalized ways of knowing.
  16. 35. During the Industry and Inferiority stage, autonomy is expanded to include perseverance and __________ as children's developmental abilities continue to grow.
  17. 36. The source of the Zone of Proximal Development and what motivates social collaborations, according to Vygotsky.
  18. 37. The “I” is the active aspect of the self, while the “me” is the __________ aspect of the self.
  19. 38. What humans use tools to make activities possible and easier.
  20. 40. The book, written by G. H. Mead, that contains his theories on play and development.
  21. 43. The type of knowledge, according to Vygotksy, that occurs first.
  22. 44. Piaget, Vygotsky, Mead, and Erikson are __________ constructionist theorists.
  23. 45. Children develop a sense of power or __________ that is shaped by their schools, families, and society.
  24. 47. In this stage, children often create their own __________ (where guilt is “played through”).
  25. 49. The book, written by Vygotsky, that contains his theories on play and development.
  26. 50. All constructivist theorists support the idea of a __________ curriculum.
  27. 51. Mental patterns that people construct to make sense of information and experiences.
  28. 52. People learn mental tools from __________ people .
  29. 53. The second stage in Mead's stages self development.
  30. 54. When people modify their means of interacting with the environment to fit their personal needs.
  31. 56. The play stage, according to Piaget, that involves the use of mental representation.
  32. 57. In the generalized-other stage this stage of play becomes important.
  33. 58. According to Erikson, research shows that play-based curricula support __________, while other curricula undermine it.
  34. 59. During social play, what is difficult when children's backgrounds and experiences differ significantly?
Down
  1. 1. In the Initiative and Guilt stage of psychosocial development, according to Erikson, __________ is more important than product.
  2. 2. Vygotksy asserted that all play has rules and that with new levels of development, these rules (and their importance) become more __________.
  3. 3. The theorist who believed play is the major vehicle for young children develop their sense of self.
  4. 4. Caregiver sensitivity and consistency in care lead to secure infant __________.
  5. 6. The third stage in a the child's developing sense of self.
  6. 8. When existing mental structures are altered to fit new experiences.
  7. 9. According Mead, during toddlerhood, children's growing physical and cognitive competencies contribute to their __________ development.
  8. 11. As __________ competence grows, meaning can often be carried out completely in the mind
  9. 14. What is important, and must be taken into consideration, when children are developing a sense of self that includes the both inside and outside perspectives.
  10. 16. A healthy infant's basic sense of trust is central to a healthy __________ development of autonomy.
  11. 18. Objects that represent other objects. Vygotsky believed their use in play represented a key stage in the development of thought.
  12. 20. This arises when initiative is inappropriate or overreaching for current developmental abilities.
  13. 21. The balance sought between assimilation and accommodation.
  14. 24. Piaget's play stage most characteristic of the sensorimotor stage of cognitive development.
  15. 25. The theorist who believed that development and learning takes place through social interactions within historical and cultural contexts.
  16. 27. Piaget believed children learn to represent their world through a series of __________ in which accommodation and assimilation become better coordinated.
  17. 29. The type of knowledge, according to Vygotsky, that occurs when people practice a concept or skill alone.
  18. 31. The type of knowledge, according to Piaget, that involves relationships among objects, people, and/or ideas.
  19. 32. The play stage, according to Piaget, that involves interacting with play materials to produce intended results and gain understanding.
  20. 33. The belief that children explore and adapt to their environment by coping with everyday challenges.
  21. 39. The term that refers to the idea that people within a particular society have common expectations regarding behavior.
  22. 41. Game stage is the __________ of Mead's stages of self development, in which the child begins to differentiate the “I” from the “me”.
  23. 42. According to Mead, role play becomes more __________ in the game stage of self development.
  24. 46. OF PROXIMALDEVELOPMENT What is created when children engage in collaborative collaborations and perform beyond their usual level of functioning.
  25. 48. When new experiences are altered to fit existing mental structures.
  26. 55. Caregiver attachment helps the infant develop a self of __________ in self and the outer world.