Play Development Theory Review
Across
- 5. During the first years of life, infants are totally __________ on their caregivers.
- 7. The book, written by Erikson, that contains his theories on play and development.
- 10. The book, written by Piaget, that contains his theories on play and development.
- 12. Industry and Inferiority is the __________ stage of psychosocial development, according to Erikson, in which goal-oriented projects are important.
- 13. The only one of Piaget's three types of knowledge derived from outer sources.
- 15. In the game stage, according to Mead, children learn to coordinate their representation of themselves (“I”) with the multiple __________ of others (multiple “me's”).
- 17. The type of knowledge, according to Piaget, that involves the physical properties of objects.
- 19. The theorist that combined “psycho” and “social” to emphasize that the individual's inner psychological state is inseparable from the social context.
- 20. The play stage, according to Piaget, that involves adherence to an external set social rules that govern play.
- 22. All social activities between children, __________, and adults (both formal and informal) are of primary importance.
- 23. The balance between autonomy, shame, and __________ constantly shifts.
- 26. According to Vygotksy, these are usually taken for granted in social play until conflict.
- 28. The stage, according to Mead, in which children perform simple role transformations.
- 30. Children perform beyond their usual level of functioning when engaged in __________.
- 34. The theorist who viewed the development of knowledge as a process of restructuring earlier ways of knowing into more adequate or generalized ways of knowing.
- 35. During the Industry and Inferiority stage, autonomy is expanded to include perseverance and __________ as children's developmental abilities continue to grow.
- 36. The source of the Zone of Proximal Development and what motivates social collaborations, according to Vygotsky.
- 37. The “I” is the active aspect of the self, while the “me” is the __________ aspect of the self.
- 38. What humans use tools to make activities possible and easier.
- 40. The book, written by G. H. Mead, that contains his theories on play and development.
- 43. The type of knowledge, according to Vygotksy, that occurs first.
- 44. Piaget, Vygotsky, Mead, and Erikson are __________ constructionist theorists.
- 45. Children develop a sense of power or __________ that is shaped by their schools, families, and society.
- 47. In this stage, children often create their own __________ (where guilt is “played through”).
- 49. The book, written by Vygotsky, that contains his theories on play and development.
- 50. All constructivist theorists support the idea of a __________ curriculum.
- 51. Mental patterns that people construct to make sense of information and experiences.
- 52. People learn mental tools from __________ people .
- 53. The second stage in Mead's stages self development.
- 54. When people modify their means of interacting with the environment to fit their personal needs.
- 56. The play stage, according to Piaget, that involves the use of mental representation.
- 57. In the generalized-other stage this stage of play becomes important.
- 58. According to Erikson, research shows that play-based curricula support __________, while other curricula undermine it.
- 59. During social play, what is difficult when children's backgrounds and experiences differ significantly?
Down
- 1. In the Initiative and Guilt stage of psychosocial development, according to Erikson, __________ is more important than product.
- 2. Vygotksy asserted that all play has rules and that with new levels of development, these rules (and their importance) become more __________.
- 3. The theorist who believed play is the major vehicle for young children develop their sense of self.
- 4. Caregiver sensitivity and consistency in care lead to secure infant __________.
- 6. The third stage in a the child's developing sense of self.
- 8. When existing mental structures are altered to fit new experiences.
- 9. According Mead, during toddlerhood, children's growing physical and cognitive competencies contribute to their __________ development.
- 11. As __________ competence grows, meaning can often be carried out completely in the mind
- 14. What is important, and must be taken into consideration, when children are developing a sense of self that includes the both inside and outside perspectives.
- 16. A healthy infant's basic sense of trust is central to a healthy __________ development of autonomy.
- 18. Objects that represent other objects. Vygotsky believed their use in play represented a key stage in the development of thought.
- 20. This arises when initiative is inappropriate or overreaching for current developmental abilities.
- 21. The balance sought between assimilation and accommodation.
- 24. Piaget's play stage most characteristic of the sensorimotor stage of cognitive development.
- 25. The theorist who believed that development and learning takes place through social interactions within historical and cultural contexts.
- 27. Piaget believed children learn to represent their world through a series of __________ in which accommodation and assimilation become better coordinated.
- 29. The type of knowledge, according to Vygotsky, that occurs when people practice a concept or skill alone.
- 31. The type of knowledge, according to Piaget, that involves relationships among objects, people, and/or ideas.
- 32. The play stage, according to Piaget, that involves interacting with play materials to produce intended results and gain understanding.
- 33. The belief that children explore and adapt to their environment by coping with everyday challenges.
- 39. The term that refers to the idea that people within a particular society have common expectations regarding behavior.
- 41. Game stage is the __________ of Mead's stages of self development, in which the child begins to differentiate the “I” from the “me”.
- 42. According to Mead, role play becomes more __________ in the game stage of self development.
- 46. OF PROXIMALDEVELOPMENT What is created when children engage in collaborative collaborations and perform beyond their usual level of functioning.
- 48. When new experiences are altered to fit existing mental structures.
- 55. Caregiver attachment helps the infant develop a self of __________ in self and the outer world.