Pre-Modern Key terms

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Across
  1. 2. transition from nomadic hunter-gatherer societies to settled agricultural civilizations
  2. 3. Moroccan explorer who traveled to Africa, the Middle East, and Asia documenting his journeys
  3. 6. Christians reconquered territory from Muslim rulers In the Iberian peninsula
  4. 8. liberties agreed to by King John of England in 1215 Ce limiting the power of the monarchy
  5. 12. wars between Rome and Carthage culminated in Roman dominance
  6. 13. the last active ruler of the Ptolemaic kingdom of Egypt
  7. 14. invention by the Mesopotamians around 3500 BCE revolutionizing transportation and machinery
  8. 16. Founder of Islam, regarded as the last prophet by Muslims
  9. 18. first Roman Empire who established the Pax Romana
  10. 19. Norse explores, traders and warriors expanded their influence across Europe
  11. 20. a philosophical and ethical system emphasizing moral order, social harmony and filial piety
  12. 22. Persian poet and Sufi mystic in 1207-1273 CE
  13. 23. Division of the Christian church into the roman catholic church and the eastern orthodox church in 1054 CE
  14. 25. Campaigns by Christian states to acquire territory from moors on the Iberian peninsula
  15. 26. battle between the Egyptians under Ramses II and the Hittites around 1274 BCE which resulted in a peace treaty
  16. 29. one of the earliest civilizations located between the Tigris and Euphrates rivers.
  17. 30. Greek philosopher who laid the ground for Western philosophy
Down
  1. 1. social system where nobility held the lands from the rules in exchange for military service
  2. 4. founder of Buddhism overall influenced easter philosophy and religion
  3. 5. earlier form of paper from the papyrus plant used in ancient Egypt
  4. 7. A bubonic plague in Europe killed 30 million people
  5. 9. transport water from distant sources into cities and towns engineered by the Romans
  6. 10. greek philosopher and student of Plato who shaped Western thought through his writing
  7. 11. an astronomical instrument used by astronomers to measure the altitude adobe the horizon of celestial body
  8. 15. King of Babylon who created one of the most complete written legal codes
  9. 17. the earliest known form of writing
  10. 21. Migration of the Prophet Muhammad from Mecca to Medina in 622 CE (marking the start of the Islamic calendar)
  11. 24. Pictorial symbols used in ancient Egypt as their writing systems
  12. 27. emperor of the Maurya dynasty in India 304-232 BCE
  13. 28. system of government developed by Athens, the direct participation of citizens in the decision making